不同土地利用类型土壤入渗性能及其影响因素研究  

Research on Soil Infiltration Capacity and Its Influencing Factors in Different Land Uses

作　　者：莫斌 陈晓燕[2,3] 杨以翠 罗帮林 唐菊[2] 宫春明 林芷行 周土金 申云康 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院,南宁530000 [2]西南大学资源环境学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400716 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [4]重庆市水利电力建筑勘测设计研究院,重庆400015

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第1期13-17,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目(XDJK2011C013);西南大学生态学重点学科"211"工程建设经费资助项目

摘　　要：土壤入渗性能是土壤侵蚀研究的热点内容,其值受土壤理化性质的影响较大。为了准确测得紫色土区不同土地利用类型土壤入渗性能,采用一种新方法——点源入渗法对其进行测定,并对不同土地利用类型土壤入渗性能与其理化性质进行了相关性分析。结果表明:(1)不同土地利用类型土壤理化性质差异性较大,土壤初始含水率、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、>0.25mm团聚体含量和有机质含量基本上是表层土大于下层土;(2)不同土地利用类型土壤入渗性能差异较大,初渗速率和平均入渗率大小基本表现为林地>坡耕地>草地,稳渗速率则为坡耕地>林地>草地,达到稳渗时间为坡耕地>林地>草地;(3)初渗速率与湿筛MWD值和结构破坏率呈显著正相关,与毛管孔隙度呈显著负相关;(4)稳渗速率与非毛管孔隙度呈显著正相关,与容重呈显著负相关;(5)平均入渗率与非毛管孔隙度和结构破坏率呈正相关,其相关系数较大,与土壤容重和毛管孔隙度呈负相关,其相关系数绝对值较大。本研究可为紫色土区土壤入渗的研究提供理论依据。Soil infiltration capacity is the hotspot topic of soil erosion studies, and soil physicochemical properties have great influence on it. A new infiltration method, point-source infiltration method, was used to precisely evaluate the infiltration capacity in different purple soil land uses. And correlation analysis on soil physicochemical properties and soil infiltration capacity of different land uses was performed. Results showed that. （1） there is a large difference among soil physicochemical properties in different land uses, soil water content, non-capillary porosity, capillary porosity, content of 〉0. 25 mm aggregate and organic matter content in the topsoil are greater than those in the subsoil （2） soil infiltration capacity showed differences among different land uses. Land uses showed great effects, in general, initial infiltration rate and average infiltration rate decreased in the order： woodland slope〉slope cropland〉grassland, steady infiltration rates decreased in the order, slope cropland〉 woodland〉grassland, and the time reaching stable state decreased in the order., slope cropland〉woodland〉 grassland; （3） correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between initial infiltration rate and wet sieve MWD value and structure damage rate, and it had a significantly negativecorrelation with capillary porosityl （4） steady infiltration rate and non-capillary porosity showed the signifi- cantly positive correlation, and it had a significantly negative correlation with the soil bulk density;（5） the average infiltration rate and non-capillary porosity and structure damage rate showed a positive correlation, and the correlation coefficient is large, and there was a negative correlation between average infiltration rate and soil bulk density and capillary porosity, the absolute value of correlation coefficient is relatively large. The results of this research can provide the theoretical basis for soil infiltration study in purple soil area. K

关 键 词：土壤入渗性能 点源入渗法 不同土地利用类型 土壤理化性质 相关性 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]