新疆阿勒泰地区1961~2010年夏季极端降水事件及其环流特征  

Climatic Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation Events in Summer and Their Circulation Patterns in Aletai of Xinjiang During 1961- 2010

作　　者：张林梅[1,2] 马禹[3] 田忠锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]新疆阿勒泰地区气象局,新疆阿勒泰836500 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱气象》2015年第6期970-978,共9页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府"新疆吐鲁番哈密地区空中云水资源开发利用"项目"降水现象及其历时蕴含的人工增水潜力分析"课题(TUHA201516)资助

摘　　要：利用新疆阿勒泰地区7站1961~2010年夏季(6~8月)逐日降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,运用线性趋势、突变分析、滑动t检验及合成分析等方法,分析该地区夏季极端降水事件的变化规律及其环流特征。结果表明:(1)大部分站夏季极端降水事件年变化趋势不显著,但存在明显的年代际变化,1980年代以前偏少,1980年代后期之后呈偏多态势;(2)夏季极端降水事件未出现显著性突变,表明该地区各站夏季极端降水事件发生率基本稳定;(3)阿勒泰地区夏季极端降水事件不仅与同期700 h Pa和500 h Pa高纬度的冷空气活动、西西伯利亚低槽的强度和位置及中低纬度副热带系统是否活跃有关,还与同期200 h Pa副热带急流的位置及30°N^42°N的西风急流连续性、赤道东风急流是否加强及东风零线的位置明显相关;(4)偏西路径与偏南路径水汽汇合是阿勒泰地区夏季极端降水事件偏多的主要原因之一。Based on the daily precipitation data in summer（ from June to August） of 7 weather stations in Aletai region of Xinjiang and NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data during 1961- 2010,the climatic characteristics of extreme precipitation events in summer and their circulation patterns were analyzed by using the linear trendency,Mann- Kendall test,sliding t- test and synthetic analysis. Results are as follows：（ 1） The annual variations of summer extreme precipitation events in most regions of Aletai weren＇t obvious,while the decadal variations were obvious. The extreme precipitation events in summer were less before the 1980 s but more after the late 1980 s.（ 2）The extreme precipitation events in summer in all stations of Aletai had no significant mutation,which indicated the incidence of summer extreme precipitation events in Aletai region was more stable.（ 3） The summer extreme precipitation events in Aletai region were associated with the cold air activity from high latitude,the intensity and location of West Siberia trough and the activity level of subtropical system on 700 h Pa and 500 h Pa in the same period,as well as the location of subtropical jet,the continuity of westerly jet between30°N and 42°N,the strengthening of tropical easterly jet and the location of 0 line of east wind on 200 h Pa.（ 4） The water vapor in the westward path met with that in the southward,which played an important role in increasing the extreme precipitation events in summer in Altetai.

关 键 词：阿勒泰地区 夏季极端降水事件 气候特征 环流形势 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]