亚硝酸乙酯分解危险性研究  

Study on the risk in decomposition of ethyl nitrite

作　　者：张铁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2015年第12期135-138,共4页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了了解亚硝酸乙酯的分解危险性,通过微量热仪研究并确定了亚硝酸乙酯的分解热、起始分解温度、峰值温度等基础数据;通过爆轰管研究并确定了不同温度下亚硝酸乙酯的分解临界压力,对比了氮气和一氧化碳的稀释效果。研究表明:亚硝酸乙酯分解临界压力较低易发生分解,亚硝酸乙酯的分解会降低偶联反应的选择性,甚至造成装置的非计划停车。因此,为避免亚硝酸乙酯发生分解爆炸,建议严格按照亚硝酸乙酯分解物性操作。In order to understand the risk in decomposition of ethyl nitrite,the basic data such as the decomposition heat,the initial decomposition temperature and peak value temperature of ethyl nitrite were determined through the micro calorimeter. The decomposition critical pressure of ethyl nitrite at different temperatures was determined through detonation tube,and the dilution effects of nitrogen and carbon monoxide were compared. The results showed that the decomposition critical pressure of ethyl nitrite is relatively low,so it is easy to decompose. The decomposition of ethyl nitrite can decrease the selectivity of coupling reaction,and even causing the non- plan shutdown of device. Therefore,in order to avoid the occurrence of ethyl nitrite decomposition explosion,it was suggested that the operation should be conducted strictly in accordance with the decomposition substances of ethyl nitrite.

关 键 词：亚硝酸乙酯 分解热 分解临界压力 偶联工段 

分 类 号：X959[环境科学与工程—安全科学]