“许”的主观性和主观化  

Study on the Subjectivity and Subjectivisation of Xu(许)

作　　者：耿丽君[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期22-26,共5页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology(Social Sciences)

摘　　要："许"具有主观认识功能。从共时层面分析并比较"许"四个表达功能,即"许1(称赞)"、"许2:(答应)"、"许3:(允许)"和"许4:(也许)"的主观性程度差异,得出"许1"的主观性最弱,"许2"和"许3"的主观性较之增强,"许4"的主观义明显高于其他三类。并从历时层面考察"许"的语法化和主观化过程,提出"许"的词义虚化均与"禁止"的事理相关,在量的原则、隐涵义的固化以及语用推理这三个语法化机制的作用下,经历了三个阶段的虚化过程;它在语法化过程中,词义不断虚化,主观性不断加强。In Chinese,the word Xu（ 许） appears to have functions of subjective cognition. From the synchronic level,this article analyzes four kinds of expressive function of Xu（ 许）,namely chengzan（ 称赞）,daying（ 答应）,yunxu（ 允许） and yexu（ 也许）,and compares their different levels of subjectivity. Moreover,the subjectification process of Xu（ 许）,which is related to prohibition act,is also clarified and examined from the diachronic perspective in this article. The principles of pragmatics,pragmatic inference and implicit meaning all play important roles in this process and result in gradual semantics grammaticalization.

关 键 词：“许” 主观化 量的原则 隐涵义 语用推理 

分 类 号：G127.22[文化科学]