中国省际灰水足迹测度及荷载系数的空间关联分析  

The spatial correlation of the provincial grey water footprint and its loading coefficient in China

作　　者：孙才志[1] 韩琴[1] 郑德凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,大连116029

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第1期86-97,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才项目(2013-13-0844);国家社会科学基金(11BJY063)

摘　　要：借鉴Hoekstra等提出的灰水足迹计算公式,从农业、工业及生活三方面计算了1998—2012年中国31个省市(自治区)的灰水足迹及其灰水足迹荷载系数。结果表明:1研究期间全国灰水足迹呈现波动趋势,1998年至2006年的灰水足迹呈现波动上升趋势;2007年开始,全国灰水足迹呈现下降趋势;农业在总灰水足迹的贡献率最高、工业最低;231个省市(自治区)15a灰水足迹荷载系数整体呈现小幅波动趋势。在全国内部也存在着明显的地区差异,大体分为5类,分别为高荷载地区、较高荷载区、中度荷载区、较低荷载区、低荷载区。3借助全局与局部空间自相关对全国31个省市(自治区)灰水足迹荷载系数进行空间关联格局分析可知,中国省级灰水足迹存在空间集聚现象且集聚现象逐渐减弱,其中H-H集聚区主要集中在华北地区,L-L集聚区主要集中在南方与青藏地区。通过全国灰水足迹测度与灰水足迹荷载系数空间关联格局分析为灰水足迹分析提供新的研究思路同时为区域可持续发展提供理论支持。Water is one of our most important resources, being closely linked to the development of society and human beings. With the rapid development of its economy, water scarcity and water pollution have become very serious problems in China. The total volume of water resources in China is rather large, but the per capita water resources are much lower than the global average. The discharge of waste and polluted water increased from 593 × 10^8 t in 1998 to 785 × 10^8 t in 2012. Traditionally, the volume of water resources and water pollution are studied separately, with little research comprehensively evaluating both. Thus, the concept of the grey water footprint was introduced in this context. Hockstra and Chapagain first presented the concept of the grey water footprint in 2008, after which the idea was further developed by a few of the Water Footprint Network＇s grey water footprint groups. The grey water footprint is defined as the volume of freshwater needed to dilute the load of contaminants based on existing environmental water quality standards. The concept of the grey water footprint provides a metric for the comprehensive assessment of water resource scarcity due to pollution. Overall, studies that investigate the assessment of grey water footprints from a regional perspective, and analyze the spatial correlation patterns of grey water footprints are few. Applying the formula for calculating grey water footprints designed by Hoekatra, this study calculated the grey water footprint and grey water footprint load coefficient of 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, from 1998 to 2012. Spatial autocorrelation methods were used to study the grey water footprint, loadcoefficient, partial correlation pattern, and tendency towards change. In this paper, analyses of the agricultural, industrial, and domestic sectors will be presented. The results show that： 1 ） the total grey water footprint of China is increased from 5078.58 × 10^8 m3 in 1998 to 4400.85 × 10^8 m3 in 2012; however, the

关 键 词：灰水足迹 灰水足迹荷载系数 空间自相关分析 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]