YSZ中空纤维陶瓷超滤膜制备及其处理重金属离子污染废水的研究  

Preparation of Hollow Fiber Ceramic UF Membrane and its Application in the Treatment of Heavy Metal Ion Wastewater

作　　者：张小珍[1] 索帅锋 江瑜华[1] 胡学兵[1] 邱文臣 周健儿[1] 

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷学院材料科学与工程学院,江西省高校无机膜重点实验室,江西景德镇333403

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2015年第6期583-588,共6页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51462012);江西省青年科学家培养对象计划(20133BCB23019);江西省自然科学基金(20142BAB206005);江西省教育厅科技落地计划项目(LJLD14076)

摘　　要：以不同粒径的氧化钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)粉体混合物为原料,采用相转化法制备了中空纤维陶瓷超滤膜,并将其应用于聚合物强化超滤处理重金属离子污染废水,研究了聚丙烯酸钠/金属离子质量浓度比(S/M)对超滤膜的重金属离子分离性能的影响。经1340-1380℃保温2 h烧成,可制备出渗透性好、抗弯强度高的YSZ中空纤维陶瓷超滤膜。制备的膜呈多孔非对称结构,由内外多孔皮层和内部大的指孔层构成。采用1340℃保温2 h烧成制备的样品进行聚合物强化超滤实验表明,通过选择合适的S/M比值,中空纤维超滤膜对Cd^(2+)离子的截留率和渗透通量分别可达到96.2%和0.25 m^3/(m^2·h·bar),对Ni^(2+)和Cu^(2+)的截留率也分别可达到92.6%和94.5%。Porous yttria-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） hollow fiber membrane for ultrafiltration（UF） was fabricated by the phase inversion method using the mixture of three ultrafine powders with different particle size distributions as the raw materials. The prepared UF membrane was employed to separate heavy metal ions from wastewater in a polymer-enhanced UF process. The effect of sodium polyacrylate（PAAS） to metal ion（S/M） ratio on the separation performance of heavy metal ions was investigated. YSZ hollow fiber UF membranes with high permeability and bending strength can be obtained when sintered at 1340-1380 °C for 2 h. The prepared ceramic UF membrane exhibits a typical porous asymmetrical structure,consisting of the inner and outer porous skin layers and large finger-like pores in the middle. The polymer-enhanced UF experiments with samples sintered at 1340 °C for 2h showed that high Cd^2＋ rejection rate of 96.2% and high water flux of 0.25 m^3/（m^2·h·bar） can be achieved by optimizing the S/M ratio. The prepared membrane also shows high Ni^2＋ and Cu^2＋ ion rejection rates of 92.6% and 94.5%,respectively.

关 键 词：氧化钇稳定氧化锆 中空纤维陶瓷膜 相转化法 超滤 重金属离子 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]