刑法知识转型与“但书”的理论重构  

Transformation of Criminal Knowledge and Theoretical Reconstruction of Proviso

作　　者：王华伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2016年第1期69-78,共10页Law Review

基　　金：国家留学基金委"国家建设高水平大学分派研究生项目的资助(项目编号:201506010316)

摘　　要：在刑法知识转型的大背景下,中国《刑法》第13条"但书"亟需在理论上做出清晰定位。理论上目前存在四种"但书"适用路径:传统派、激进派、保守改良派和开放改造派。开放改造派兼顾犯罪构成的逻辑合理性与刑法知识转型的努力,将"但书"条款作为法教义学规范资源加以利用,值得提倡。"但书"条款不是采纳阶层犯罪论体系的立法障碍,也能够与出罪体系兼容,应当成为阶层犯罪论体系中的出罪性规范资源。在犯罪论体系中,只重视性质判断,不重视程度判断的思维习惯值得反思。从"但书"条款的文意出发,在阶层犯罪论体系中"但书"应当被定位为不法和罪责程度性判断的规范指引,从而实现与阶层犯罪论出罪体系的对接。In the context of transformation of criminal law knowledge,it is urgent to make the systematic status of proviso clear.There exits four different routes：the traditional way,the radical way,the conservative improvement way and the open reform way.The open reform way,which is more advisable,gives attention to the logic of constitution of crime and the transformation of criminal law knowledge,and regards the proviso as dogmatic resources.The proviso is not an obstacle for legislation to accept the theory of three-level system and can be compatible with system of decriminalization.It should be regarded as normative resource for decriminalization.In the theory of constitution of crime,it is necessary to reflect the habit of thinking,which only focus on the quality of crime,but not degree of crime.The proviso should be regarded as normative guideline for the judge of un-law degree and guilty degree,in order to be connected with the system of decriminalization.

关 键 词：“但书” 情节 显著轻微 犯罪构成 出罪体系 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]