一次局地突发性暴雨过程成因及数值试验分析  

An analysis of the formation cause and the numerical experiment in a local sudden rainstorm process

作　　者：马志敏[1] 余珂 杨超[1] 张万诚[3] 赵宁坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省气象信息中心,云南昆明650034 [3]云南省气象科学研究所,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期72-80,共9页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1133603);云南省气象局预报员技术开发专项(YB201401);中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2015-072)

摘　　要：针对昆明1次局地突发性暴雨过程,采用常规观测资料与NCEP再分析资料对其成因进行分析,并利用WRF模式进行参数化方案敏感性试验,结果表明:上干冷下暖湿的不稳定大气层结是本次暴雨发生的大尺度环流背景;暴雨发生前,水汽不断向暴雨区输送,在低层辐合高层辐散的动力机制作用下,水汽不断聚集,不稳定能量增大,最终触发暴雨;卫星云图特征表明,产生暴雨的直接系统为一MβCS,最大小时雨量出现在MβCS移动过程中;数值模拟发现,最优微物理方案为Kessler方案,最优积云参数化方案为Kain-Fritsch方案,二者组合能较好地再现该类暴雨过程.By applying the general observations and NCEP reanalysis data,the formation cause of a local sudden rainstorm weather process which occurred in Kunming has been analyzed.Meanwhile,by using the Weather Research and Forecasting（ WRF） model,we have done the sensitivity experiments of parameterization scheme.The results show that the feature of unstable atmospheric stratification of up-dry / cold and down-warm / wet,causes the large scale circulation of the rainstorm.Before the rainstorm occurs,the vapor has been transported to the rainstorm area continuously,and by the dynamic mechanism of convergence in lower level and divergence in upper level,the vapor and unstable energy will be accumulated continuously.Finally the rainstorm will be triggered.The satellite cloud image reveals that a MβCS causes the rainstorm directly,and the maximum hourly rainfall occurs in the moving of MβCS.The numerical simulation reveals that the optimal microphysics scheme is Kessler,the optimal parameters scheme is Kain-Fritsch,and the combination of the two schemes can reproduce this kind of rainstorm process effectively.

关 键 词：局地突发性暴雨 MβCS 数值模拟 参数化方案 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]