HIV感染者/AIDS患者创伤后应激障碍现状及影响因素分析  

Post-traumatic stress disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS and its influence factors

作　　者：张璇[1] 王棠[1,2] 刘漫[3] 陈雪梅[1] 石修业[4] 金晓舟[4] 李十月[1] 燕虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,430071 [2]湖北省卫生与计划生育委员会疾病预防处,武汉430071 [3]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉400071 [4]湖北省随州市疾病预防控制中心,441300

出　　处：《重庆医学》2016年第2期232-235,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：湖北省央专艾滋病防治社会组织服务项目(HBYZAF-2013-01)

摘　　要：目的了解HIV感染者／AIDS患者创伤后应激障碍发生状况及影响因素，为制订相应的干预措施币口治疗方法提供参考。方法于2014年12月至2015年3月对随州地区的HIV感染者／AIDS患者进行调查，使用自行设计的问卷及创伤后应激障碍筛查量表进行匿名调查，并采用描述性分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果研究共纳入243例HIV感染者／AIDS患者，其中106例符合创伤后应激障碍阳性诊断标准，阳性率为43．62％，男女阳性率分别为37．88％和50．45％；在创伤后应激障碍的三大特征性症状中，以再体验症状阳性率最高（78．60％），其次为高度警觉症状（64．20％），而回避与情感麻木的阳性率最低（57．20％）。多因素分析结果发现，女性发生创伤后应激障碍的易感性高于男性（OR=1．960，95％CI：1．025～3．747），经历过歧视或不公平待遇者更容易出现创伤后应激障碍（OR=2．967，95％CI：1．498～5．876），而创伤后应激障碍阳性率随肾张恐惧发生频率的增加而增大（偶尔有：OR=2．074，95％CI：1．008～4．265；经常有：OR=6．690，95％CI：2．708～16．531）。结论HIV感染者／AIDS患者的创伤后应激障碍阳性率较高，特别是女性、有紧张恐惧情绪以及经历过歧视或不公平待遇者的发生风险更大。Objective To investigate the post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） and its influence factors among people living with HIV/AIDS （PLWHA）,and provide evidence for developing relevant interventions and treatment methods. Methods Anonymously completed questionnaires,including sel＆designed questionnaire and the post-traumatic checklist civilian version （PCL-C）, were received from PLWHA in Suizhou from December 2014 to March 2015. Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to examine factors associated with PTSD. Results Anaong 243 qualified PLWHA,106 of them were positive with PTSD （43.62%） ,and the prevalence of PTSD among male and female were 37.88% and 50.45%, respectively. Among the three characteristic symptoms, repeated flashback was the highest （78.60%）, then hyper-vigilance （64.20 %）, and the positive rate of avoidance/numbness was the lowest （57.20%）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female was more susceptible to PTSD than mate （OR= 1. 960,95 % CI：1. 025- 3. 747）, discrimination or unfair treatment would increase the risk of PTSD （OR= 2. 967,95 %CI： 1. 498- 5. 876）, and the frequency of fear/tension was positive correlated with PTSD （occasionally OR = 2. 074,95%CI：1. 008-4. 265 ;always OR=6. 690,95%CI：2. 708-16. 531）. Conclusion PLWHA had a high level of PTSD,and female PLWHA and those who felt fear/tension or experienced discrimination/unfair treatment were more likely to suffer from PTSD.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 创伤后应激障碍 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R749.5[医药卫生—临床医学]