煤渣砖居室内放射性水平初步调查  

Preliminary investigation on the radioactive level in cinder brick room

作　　者：宋卫杰[1] 陈凌[1] 段娓桢 郭金森[1] 董迁 郭庐阵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《辐射防护》2016年第1期60-64,共5页Radiation Protection

基　　金：环境保护部资助项目--全国辐射环境监测

摘　　要：介绍了我国5个不同省、市共28间居室的放射性水平调查结果。采用就地γ谱仪Falcon 5000、连续测氡仪器RAD7和瞬时γ剂量率仪FHZ672E-10分别测量了居室墙体中226Ra、232Th、40K的活度浓度、室内222Rn浓度和γ剂量率。结果表明,24间煤渣砖居室墙体内^(226)Ra、^(232)Th、^(40)K的活度浓度均值分别为(86±30)Bq/kg、(83±20)Bq/kg、(759±207)Bq/kg,4间红砖居室墙体测量数据均值分别为(51±6)Bq/kg、(54±5)Bq/kg、(632±59)Bq/kg;两类墙材室内^(222)Rn浓度均值分别为(96±42)Bq/m3和(40±4)Bq/m3,γ剂量率均值分别为(133±25)n Gy/h和(120±8)n Gy/h。通过分析室内222Rn浓度及γ剂量率与墙体中^(226)Ra、^(232)Th、^(40)K活度浓度的关系,可知煤灰渣的综合利用,导致了室内的辐射水平升高;初步估算了所测实心煤灰渣和加气块或空心砌块墙材所建居室所致居民年有效剂量,范围分别为1.6~4.9 m Sv/a和1.8~5.4 m Sv/a。The results of investigation on radioactive levels in a total of 28 different rooms in 5 different provinces and cities were reported. The activity concentrations of^226 Ra,^232Th and^40 K in the wall of the rooms,indoor ^222 Rn concentrations and γ dose rates were measured respectively by Falcon 5000,RAD7 and FHZ672E- 10. The results show that the mean activity concentration of^226）Ra,^232Th and^40 K in 24 cinder brick rooms are respectively（ 86 ± 30） Bq / kg,（ 83 ± 20） Bq / kg,（ 759 ± 207） Bq / kg,and the mean data in 4 red brick rooms are respectively（ 51 ± 6） Bq / kg,（ 54 ± 5） Bq / kg,（ 632 ± 59） Bq / kg;And in two kinds of wall materials rooms,the mean radon concentrations are respectively（ 96 ± 42） Bq /m^3and（ 40 ± 4） Bq / m^3,the mean γ dose rates are respectively（ 133 ± 25） and（ 120 ± 8） nGy /h. It was confirmed that indoor radiation levels were increasing as a result of comprehensive utilization of coal ash,through analyzing the relationship between indoor concentration of-（222） Rn or γ dose rate and the activity concentrations of ^226）Ra,^232Th and^40 K; And preliminarily estimated the annual effective dose to residents caused by the used of wall materials,the range of dose relates to solid cinder brick are 1. 6—4. 9 mSv / a,and which relates to aerated block or hollow block are 1. 8—5. 4 mSv / a.

关 键 词：煤渣砖居室 活度浓度 222Rn浓度 Γ剂量率 有效剂量 

分 类 号：TL81[核科学技术—核技术及应用]