2008年冬季北京上空上对流层/下平流层臭氧的异常特征  

Anomalous feature of ozone in upper troposphere/lower stratosphere over Beijing in winter 2008

作　　者：赵倩[1,2] 刘毅[2] 管兆勇[1] 陆春晖[3] 蔡兆男[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气与全球环境探测重点实验室,北京100029 [3]国家气候中心气候研究开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2015年第6期796-803,共8页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB428604);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41205041)

摘　　要：利用国产GPSO3臭氧探空系统观测的大气臭氧探空资料和NCEP再分析资料,结合对天气形势、大气环流背景、高空位涡变化及对流层顶高度扰动的分析,深入研究了2008年冬季北京地区10~14 km高度范围内持续出现的臭氧次峰值及大气臭氧含量异常现象。结果表明：在2008年我国南方雪灾这一特殊时期,引起臭氧垂直分布持续出现次峰值现象及臭氧含量异常的主要原因是平流层空气强烈下沉运动及其与对流层的交换作用,而引起这种下沉运动及平流层—对流层交换则是由于该阶段特殊的天气背景,乌拉尔阻塞高压长时间维持,贝加尔湖到巴尔喀什湖一带横槽稳定存在,里海以东切断低压长期维持,造成冷空气长时间、稳定地南下影响北京上空臭氧的垂直分布。加之副热带急流的出现,北京正处于其入口区左侧,其上空有强烈的辐合下沉运动,有利于平流层空气向下输送。此次臭氧次峰值及臭氧含量异常的现象很好地说明,在冷空气天气过程的影响下,北京地区上空的平流层空气运动及其与对流层的交换十分活跃。Using the ozone sonde data derived from GPSO3 ozone sounding system and the NCEP reanalysis data,this paper investigated the persistent ozone peak phenomenon and the abnormal ozone content in the range of 10—14 km height over Beijing in winter 2008 by analyzing the weather situations,atmospheric circulations,upper potential vorticity variations and changes of tropopause height. Results show that,during the special period when there was a snow disaster in South China in 2008,the main reasons of phenomenon of the ozone peak and abnormal content are the strong downward movement of stratospheric air and the stratosphere-troposphere exchange（ STE）. The ozone downward transport from stratosphere to troposphere is due to the special weather background,including the long time maintenance of the Ural blocking high,the stable existence of the transverse trough between Lake Baikal and Lake Balkhash,and the long-term maintenance of the cut-off low lying on the eastern of the Caspian Sea,leading to the stably southward movement of cold air to affect the vertical ozone distribution over Beijing. Synchronously,withappearance of the subtropical westerly jet,Beijing is located at the left side of the jet entrance areas,and there is a strong convergent and downward movement in upper levels,which is helpful to the air downward transport from stratosphere to troposphere. To sum up,the phenomena of ozone peak and abnormal ozone content shows that the movement of stratospheric air and the STE is much more active over Beijing under the influence of cold air process.

关 键 词：臭氧探空 臭氧次峰值 平流层—对流层交换 对流层顶折叠 西风急流 

分 类 号：P421.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P402