耐高温腈基聚合物及复合材料研究进展  

Research Progress of High Temperature Resistant Phthalonitrile-based Polymers and Composites

作　　者：贾坤[1] 徐明珍[1] 潘海[1] 王子成[1] 邹兴强 姜明利[1] 刘孝波[1] 

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学微电子与固体电子学院耐高温高分子及复合材料四川省重点实验室,四川成都610054

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2015年第12期897-905,共9页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51173021;51373028;51403029);科技部863计划项目(2012AA03A212)

摘　　要：耐高温腈基聚合物是通过邻苯二甲腈类单体在高温下的加成聚合反应而得到的一系列高性能热固性树脂的统称,因此也被称为邻苯二甲腈树脂。由于其具备优异的高温力学性能、热(氧)稳定性、耐腐蚀性、阻燃性及良好的加工性能,邻苯二甲腈树脂在航空航天、船舶制造、微电子工业等高科技领域内展现出广泛的应用前景。首先简要介绍了邻苯二甲腈树脂的基本结构与热聚合机理;其次重点阐述了不同结构的邻苯二甲腈单体在固化剂作用下的热固化行为,明确了邻苯二甲腈树脂结构与性能的关系;随后分别介绍了邻苯二甲腈树脂的结构改性、加工性能、纤维增强复合材料的制备与性能研究、邻苯二甲腈聚合物的电磁功能化技术途径;最后简要分析了耐高温腈基聚合物及复合材料目前所面临的技术瓶颈并展望了未来的发展方向。High temperature resistant nitrile-based polymers, also named as phthalonitrile resins, are high performance thermosets obtained by the addition polymerization of phthalonitrile monomers. Due to their outstanding high temperature me- chanical properties, （oxidative） thermal stability, corrosion resistance, fire resistance and good processability, phthaloni- trile resins have been widely used in various high-tech fields such as aerospace, microelectronics, ship manufacture, etc. In this review article, the basic chemical structures and thermal polymerization mechanism of bisphthalonitrile resins were firstly introduced, then the thermal curing reaction of different phthalonitrile monomers in the presence of curing agent was dis- cussed to clarify the structure and properties of bisphthalonitrile resins. Furthermore, the structural modification, proces- sability, preparation and properties of fiber reinforced composites, electro-magnetic functionalization for phthalonitrile-based polymers were introduced. The review ended with a brief outlook of the future directions and prospects of the research area.

关 键 词：腈基聚合物 耐高温 复合材料 改性 功能化 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]