保护性耕作对黄土旱塬箭筈豌豆地土壤呼吸的影响  

Effects of Conservation Tillage on Soil Respiration in Vetch Field in Rain-fed Loessial Tablelands

作　　者：杜珊珊[1,2] 杨倩[1,2] 张清平[1,2] 王涛[1,2] 沈禹颖[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]草地农业系统国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2015年第6期144-148,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：科技部科技支撑项目"西部城郊生态涵养高效农业模式研究与示范(2014BAD14B006);教育部创新研究团队目(IRT13019);教育部重大科技项目(313028)

摘　　要：[目的]揭示保护性耕作对土壤呼吸的影响,为旱区保护性农业的发展提供理论依据。[方法]采用多通道土壤碳通量系统监测传统耕作（T）、传统耕作＋秸秆覆盖（TS）、免耕（NT）和免耕＋秸秆覆盖（NTS）下箭筈豌豆（Vicia sativa）地的土壤呼吸速率。[结果]各措施下花期呼吸速率比收获期高10.45%-45.09%,NTS处理下土壤呼吸速率最低别比TS,NT和T处理显著减少39.17%,21.37%和30.25%（p〈0.01）。耕作处理（T,TS）下日均土壤呼吸速率高于免耕处理（NT,NTS）（p〉0.05）。晴天土壤呼吸变化呈单峰曲线,最大值出现在14：00。耕作下土壤呼吸速率与气温显著线性相关,免耕下（NT,NTS）与气温呈指数关系（p〈0.01）。不同耕作措施间气温敏感性Q10值大小依次为：T（1.97）〉NT（1.62）〉TS（1.58）〉NTS（1.52）。[结论]免耕加秸秆还田处理对减少温室气体排放有一定的贡献。[Objective]The effects of conservation tillage on soil respiration were researched to provide a theoretical basis for the development of conservation agriculture in arid area.[Methods]Soil respiration rate was carried out using multi-channel soil carbon flux measurement system instrument.Tillage treatments were：conventional tillage（T）,conventional tillage with stubble retention（TS）,no tillage（NT）and no tillage with stubble retention（NTS）.[Results]Respiration rate in flowering period was 10.45%-45.09% higher than that in harvest period for all tillage measures.In comparison with TS,NT and T treatment,NTS treatment significantly reduced soil C emission with the percentages of 39.17%,21.37% and 30.25%,respectively（p〈0.01）.Soil respiration at sunny day presented an stubble unimodal curve with the peak value at 14：00.The averaged daily soil respiration rates under the two tillage treatments were high but not insignificant than that under the two no-tillage treatments.Under tillage treatments（T,TS）,a significant linear correlation was found between soil respiration rate and air temperature;under the no-tillage treatment（NT,NTS）,they had a significant exponential relationship（p〈0.01）.Q10 values,namely the atmospheric temperature sensitivity under the four tillage treatments had a rank of T（1.97）〉NT（1.62）〉TS（1.58）〉NTS（1.52）.[Conclusion]Conservation tillage as the no tillage with stubble retention（NTS）has its contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 箭筈豌豆 土壤呼吸 大气温度 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]