烤烟不同生育时期产量性状的遗传效应分析  

Genetic Effects Analysis of Flue-cured Tobacco Yield Traits at Different Growth Stages

作　　者：姚志敏[1,2] 张兴伟[1] 向德虎[1] 戴培刚[1] 刘艳华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所/烟草遗传改良与生物技术重点开放实验室,青岛266001 [2]河南省舞阳县农业技术推广总站,舞阳462400

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2016年第1期105-113,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局专项(国烟办综[2005]501号);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610032011011);农业部财政专项(2014NWB036)

摘　　要：以烤烟高产品种竖把老母鸡和台烟7号与低产品种TI245配制成2个杂交组合,分别获得6个世代植株(P1、P2、F1、F2、B1、B2),运用主基因+多基因混合遗传多世代联合法对2个组合不同生育时期的产量性状进行遗传分析。研究结果表明,2个组合的产量性状在性状建成中发挥调控作用的基因数目与基因效应存在发育阶段性差异。基因加性效应与显性效应存在于整个发育过程中,且效应程度在不同生育时期存在明显差异,同时加性×加性、显性×显性互作效应在产量性状的发育过程中呈间断性表达。基因遗传力在不同生育时期存在差异,现蕾期产量性状的表型变异受基因遗传效应的决定作用高于其他2个生育时期,受环境因素影响小,且不同组合间的基因效应也存在显著差异,组合Ⅱ的遗传效应明显高于组合Ⅰ。不同组合的烤烟产量性状在不同生育时期主基因+多基因遗传效应差异显著,受环境影响程度不同,因此在育种工作中既要考虑基因效应,又要注意环境影响。Flue-cured tobacco high-yielding varieties ‘Shubalaomuji＇,‘Taiyan-7＇and the low-yielding varieties TI245 respectively prepared two crosses,and got six generations plants（ P1,P2,F1,F2,B1,B2）. The joint segregation analysis method of mixed major gene plus polygene genetic model was used to analyze the genetic effects of two crosses＇ yield traits at different growth stages. The results showed the number of expressing genes and genetic effects,which played regulatory roles in the yield traits building process of two crosses,existed differences in the developmental stages. The additive effect and dominance effect existed in the entire development process,while the degrees of the effects at the different growth stages were significantly different. At the same time the additive × additive,dominance × dominance interaction effects expressed intermittently when the growth stages changed. With distinct genetic effects of the different growth stages,phenotypic variation of squaring stage was decided by genetic effects to more degrees than the other two stages,less impacted by the environment. And the genetic effects of the two combinations also existing significant difference,combination Ⅱ was higher than combination Ⅰ. Major genetic plus polygenetic effects of different crosses＇ yield traits at the different growth stages were significantly different,under different environmental impact. Therefore,it is necessary not only to consider genetic effects in the breedingwork,but also pay attention to the environmental impact.

关 键 词：烤烟 产量 生育时期 主基因+多基因 遗传效应 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]