柳江河水源水、河道底泥重金属镉污染状况及其健康风险评价  

Pollution status and health risk assessment of heavy metal cadmium contained in source water and river sediment of Liujiang River

作　　者：李艳飞[1] 李德洁[1] 冯莲[1] 王然[1] 陈庆锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西柳州市疾病预防控制中心食品与环境卫生科,柳州市545007

出　　处：《广西医学》2015年第11期1628-1630,共3页Guangxi Medical Journal

基　　金：广西自然科学基金青年基金项目(2013GXNSFBA019205);广西医药卫生科研课题(Z2012550)

摘　　要：目的调查柳江河沿岸水源水、河道底泥重金属镉的污染状况,对柳江河沿岸居民通过饮水途径引起的健康风险进行评价。方法采集柳江河沿岸镉污染暴露区(糯米滩、南丹屯、露塘及柳西水厂取水点)和对照区丰水期、枯水期各河道断面的水源水、河道底泥各30份样品进行镉含量检测,采用化学致癌物健康风险评价模型、地质累积指数法进行评价。结果柳江河沿岸各暴露区和对照区丰水期、枯水期各河道断面的水源水镉含量均低于检出值下限0.0006 mg/L,暴露区水源水镉的年平均个人摄入健康风险评价结果均为8.71×10-7a-1。丰水期暴露区河道底泥中镉含量与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而除糯米滩河断面外,其余3个河断面枯水期河道底泥中镉含量均高于对照组(P<0.05)。按地质累积指数法评价,南丹屯污染最严重,达到4级水平。结论柳江河沿岸水源水镉污染引起的健康风险较小,而柳江河沿岸河道底泥重金属污染较严重,最高达到4级水平。Objective To investigate the pollution status of heavy metal cadmium contained in source water and river sediment of Liujiang River,and to evaluate the health risk via drinking water among the residents living along Liujiang river. Methods Samples of source water（ n = 30） and river sediment（ n = 30） were collected from different river sections of Liujiang riversides exposed to cadmium pollution（ including Nuomitan,Nandan Village,Lutang and waterpoint of Liuxi Waterworks） and the control area during the high and low water season. The contents of cadmium of all samples were detected. An evaluation was conducted using health risk assessment model for chemical carcinogens and index of Geo-accumulation. Results For the exposed areas and control area during the high and low water season,the contents of cadmium in source water were less than the lower limit of measurable value（ 0. 0006 mg / L）. And the annual mean individual health risk assessment of cadmium in the exposed areas was 8. 71 × 10-7a-1in source water. During the high water season,there was no statistical difference in the cadmium content of river sediment between exposed areas and control area（ P 〉 0. 05）. During the low water season,the cadmium contents of river sediment from the other river sections of exposed areas except for Nuomitan were higher than that from control area（ P 〈 0. 05）. According to the index of Geo-accumulation,the cadmium pollution reached Level 4 and was the most severe in Nandan Village. Conclusion The health risk caused by cadmium pollution is less small in source water from Liujiang riversides. However,the cadmium pollution is serious in river sediment from Liujiang riversides,and has a maximum of Level 4.

关 键 词：镉污染 水源水 底泥 健康风险 柳江河 龙江河 广西 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4