东昆仑祁漫塔格山地区夏日哈木镍矿床矿物学特征  

Mineralogical Characteristics of the Xiarihamu Nickel Deposit in the Qiman Tagh Mountain,East Kunlun,China

作　　者：丰成友[1] 赵一鸣[1] 李大新[1] 刘建楠[1] 刘长征 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]青海省第五地质矿产勘查院,西宁810028

出　　处：《地质论评》2016年第1期215-228,共14页Geological Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41172076);国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(编号:201411025);中国地质调查局高层次地质人才培养计划(编号:201309)和中国地质调查局青年地质英才计划(编号:201112)的成果~~

摘　　要：青海夏日哈木是近年来新发现的超大型镍矿床,大地构造位置处于东昆仑造山带之东昆中花岗—变质杂岩带的隆起区,成矿与镁铁质—超镁铁质小侵入体有关,属岩浆深部熔离贯入型。矿体呈透镜状、似层状,主要产于辉石岩、橄辉岩和苏长岩中;矿石为块状、准块状、海绵陨铁状、浸染状、细脉状和斑杂状构造,粒状结构、交代结构和固溶体分离结构等。矿石金属矿物主要为磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿,含少量和微量紫硫镍矿、马基诺矿、铬铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿、辉铋矿、钛铁矿和自然铋等;脉石矿物主要有斜方辉石、橄榄石、普通辉石、基性斜长石、镁铁闪石、直闪石、滑石、蛇纹石等。文中对夏日哈木和金川我国两个超大型镍矿的主要地质特征作了对比;与世界上主要同类型硫化物铜镍矿床相比较,夏日哈木镍矿具有不少独特的特征,如其成岩成矿时代相对较年轻,矿石中铜的品位较低、亏损铂族元素等。The Xiarihamu, Qinghai Province, is a supedarge nickel deposit discovered in the recent years. The deposit, geotectonieally, is located in the uplifted area of East Kunlun Orogenic Belt. Genetically, it is related to small mafic--ultramafic intrusions, and belongs to deep liquating injected type of magma. The ore-beating intrusion is mainly composed of gabbro--norite, orthopyroxenite, olivine pyroxenite, plagioclase-bearing lherzolite and orthopyroxene peridotite, while the orebodies are chiefly located in the orthopyroxenite and olivine pyroxenite in the form of lenses or stratoids. Massive, sideronitic and disseminated structure of sulfide ores are dominant in the orebodies, subordinately, taxitic and veinlet structure. The main ore minerals are pyrrhotite, pentlandite and chalcopyrite with minor and trace magnetite, chromite, pyrite, ilmenite, viorite, sphalerite, bismuthinite, bismuth, while the gangue minerals are orthopyroxene, olivine, augite, basic plagioclase, cummingtonite, anthophyllite, phlogopite, talc and serpentine. In this paper, the geological characteristics between Xiarihamu nickel depost and Jinchuan copper--nickel deposit （Gansu Province） are compared. This deposit has many unique characteristics. For instance, it has relatively young metallogenic epochs in comparision with the major sulfide Cu-- Ni deposits in the world. The ores are characterized by low grade copper and depleted in PGE.

关 键 词：矿物学 矿石学 镍矿床 夏日哈木 青海 东昆仑山 祁漫塔格山 

分 类 号：P618.63[天文地球—矿床学]