教育水平对失业风险影响的实证研究——“民工荒”和“大学生就业难”现象的再解释  

An Empirical Study on Impact of Education Level on Unemployment Risk:Re-explain “Migrant Labors Shortage”and “College Graduates Hard Employment”

作　　者：马艳林[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《人口与经济》2016年第1期89-97,共9页Population & Economics

基　　金：北京市属高等学校创新团队建设与教师职业发展计划项目(IDHT20130523);北京市社科基金研究基地项目(14JDZHB007);特大城市经济社会发展研究院项目

摘　　要：利用2011年中国社会状况综合调查数据,分析了教育水平对劳动者失业风险的影响,实证结果证明教育水平越高劳动者的失业风险越低,说明我国"民工荒"和"大学生就业难"现象是局部的和短期的,受到诸如摩擦性失业、劳动力市场分割、产业结构等其他因素的影响,而教育对劳动者就业的影响是显著而且正向的。因此,我们仍然需要大力发展教育,通过提高劳动者素质带动产业结构调整,同时通过产业结构调整来充分利用智力资源,此外,要促进劳动力市场的融合以及劳动者之间的自由流动和公平竞争。This paper analyzed impact of education level of workers on their unemployment risk based on the data of Chinese Social Survey 2011. The empirical results show that the unemployment risk of the workers with higher education lever is lower, which means China ’s ＂migrant labor shortage＂ and ＂college graduates hard employment ＂ phenomenon is local and short term. The unemployment influenced by such as frictional unemployment,labor force market segmentation,industry structure and other factors. Therefore,we still need to develop education,to promote industrial structure adjustment by improving the quality of labors. At the same time,we shall make full use of the intellectual resources by industrial structure adjustment. In addition,we still need to promote the integration of the labor market and free movement and fair competition among the workers.

关 键 词：教育 失业风险 民工荒 大学生就业难 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济]