灰化温度对生物质灰特性与沾污结渣的影响  

Influence of Ashing Temperature on Slagging and Fouling Characteristics of Biomass Ash

作　　者：姚锡文[1] 许开立[1] 徐晓虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第1期182-189,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：农业部农村能源综合建设项目(2015-36);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2013020137)

摘　　要：利用激光粒度、X射线荧光、扫描电镜、热重和差热分析等手段对花生壳和玉米芯在600℃和815℃下成灰灰样的粒度分布、化学组成、微观形态、热重行为以及沾污结渣特性进行了全面试验研究。试验结果表明：灰化温度对灰特性影响显著,对沾污结渣影响较小;灰化温度升高,粒度减小,总失重降低,K、Na和Cl的含量降低,而Si、Ca含量未见明显变化;600℃花生壳灰仍保持原始骨架,而815℃灰的破碎程度较高,且有Si O2晶体析出;600℃玉米芯灰发生熔融,而815℃灰存在严重结渣;600℃灰的主要失重发生在300-600℃,并且差热曲线呈现剧烈的放热峰,表明灰的软化或熔融伴随放热;815℃玉米芯灰在600-800℃之间的失重则是由活泼碱金属氯化物挥发以及碳酸盐高温分解造成。The particle size distribution, chemical composition, microstructure, thermogravimetric behavior and the slagging and fouling characteristics of the peanut shell ash（ PSA） and corncob ash（ CCA） prepared by ashing at 600℃ and 815℃ were comprehensively studied by using techniques like laser particle size analyzer（ LPSA）,X-ray fluorescence（ XRF）,scanning electron microscopy（ SEM）and thermal gravimetric-differential thermal analysis（ TG-DTA）. It was presented that ashing temperature had a remarkable effect on the properties. Whereas,it had no obvious effects on the slagging and fouling characteristics. Both the granularity and the total weight loss decreased with the increase of ashing temperature. The contents of K,Na and Cl gradually reduced with the increase of ashing temperature. However,the contents of Si and Ca had no obvious variation. The 600℃ PSA still maintained the original skeleton of peanut shell biomass. The broken degree of 815℃ PSA was much more serious than that of 600℃ PSA. A small amount of Si O2 crystal was found in 815℃ PSA. For CCA,there was an obvious fusion phenomenon in the 600℃ ash while the 815℃ ash presented serious slagging characteristics. For 600℃ biomass ashes,the main weight loss occurred within 300 - 600℃ and the differential thermal curve showed an intense exothermic peak in this temperature range. It indicated that the soften or melt process of ash was accompanied with the exothermic reaction. For 815℃ CCA,the weight loss between 600 - 800℃ was considered to be caused by the volatilization of lively alkali metal chloride as well as the decomposition of unstable carbonates when under high temperature.

关 键 词：生物质灰 灰化温度 灰特性 沾污结渣 碱金属 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]