词汇同义关系的在线构建与认知相似性  

Online Construction of Lexical Synonymy and Cognitive Similarity

作　　者：庞杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学外国语学院,上海201620

出　　处：《外语教学》2016年第1期29-32,共4页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"语态;时态;语气范畴统合下的语法和语用互动关系研究"(项目编号:14AYY022);东华大学预研究基金项目"同义关系认知关联模型"(项目编号:114-10-0108033);东华大学中央高校基本科研业务研究费项目"语用认知视角下词汇关系构建研究"(项目编号:15D111402)的部分研究成果

摘　　要：认知语义学理论认为,词汇同义关系是通过语义属性的联系而形成的既定语义关系,储备于词汇知识当中。而根据词汇语用学关联理论,词汇在语境中表达的意义需要通过语用推理机制在线调整和充实。本文基于认知心理学的特别范畴(ad hoc category)理论,提出词汇之间认知相似性的建立不仅是储存在大脑中通过经验建立固有联系(association),而是以语言的待确定性(linguistic underdeterminacy)为基础和前提,通过语用推理机制和特别范畴将交际双方认知加工努力转移至潜在相关信息的方式建立。特别范畴对词汇同义关系的在线构建起限制和激活作用。Cognitive semantic theories claim that lexical synonymy is a kind of pre-stored semantic relation generated on lexical associations,which constitutes part of the lexical knowledge. According to relevance theory within the field of Lexical Pragmatics,lexical meaning should be adjusted and enriched by pragmatic inferential mechanism in order to accomplish a fully-fledged communicative meaning. Based on the notion of ad hoc category in cognitive psychology,the present study proposes that cognitive similarity is not pre-stored in semantic memory and generated through semantic associations. Linguistic underdeterminacy is the cognitive basis and premise of cognitive similarity. Ad hoc category and pragmatic inferential mechanism plays an important role in its construction process by contributing the processing effort to potentially relevant information,thus constraining and activating lexical synonymy.

关 键 词：词汇同义关系 词汇语用学 认知相似性 在线构建 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]