棉用磷系无醛耐久阻燃剂的制备与应用  

Preparation and application of durable non-formaldehyde flame retardants for cotton fabric

作　　者：张美静[1] 李文霞[1] 赵非祥 

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《印染助剂》2016年第1期7-12,共6页Textile Auxiliaries

基　　金：北京市教委资助项目(KM201210012001)

摘　　要：以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)、亚磷酸二乙酯和环氧氯丙烷为原料,合成了一种新型棉用磷酸酯型无醛阻燃剂。并利用IR、~1H-NMR、^(31)P-NMR、ESI+-MS和ESI--MS表征了中间体及阻燃剂的结构。将阻燃剂用于棉织物的阻燃整理,通过研究阻燃剂用量、交联剂用量、焙烘温度和整理液pH对阻燃效果的影响,获得了最优整理工艺。经热重分析可得:整理棉织物的裂解阶段依然存在,但各阶段裂解温度与原布相比均有大幅降低,裂解残渣量提高了25.7%,有效提高了整理棉织物的阻燃性能。扫描电镜显示:阻燃整理棉织物燃烧后仍呈纤维状,未出现碳层坍塌现象。整理织物洗涤10次后,阻燃性能仍能达到国标B_2级,表明其具有良好的耐洗性。A phosphate ester non-formaldehyde flame retardant for cotton fabric was synthesized by diethyl phosphite, N,N′-methylene-bis（acrylamide） and epichlorohydrin, and its structure was characterized by IR,~1H-NMR,^（31）P-NMR, ESI＋-MS and ESI--MS. The flame retardant was applied in flame resistant finishing of cotton fabric. The flame retardant finishing process was optimized by exploring the amount of flame retardant and cross-linker, the curing temperature and p H. The TGA test showed that the pyrolysis stage of finished cotton fabrics still existed, and pyrolysis temperature of each stage decreased greatly compared with the original fabric′s, and the amount of residue increased by 25.7%. The flame retardance of cotton fabric was effectively improved. The SEM images indicated that the finished cotton fabric still kept the original fibrous shape and its carbon layer didn′t collapse after burning. After 10 times of washing, the flame retardant cotton fabric was still up to GB B_2 level indicating good washing fastness.

关 键 词：棉织物 无醛阻燃剂 磷酸酯 垂直燃烧法 

分 类 号：TQ610.4[化学工程—精细化工]