变压器噪声暴露对豚鼠旷场行为及听功能的影响  

The Effects of Transformer Noise on the Behavior and Auditory Function in Guinea Pigs

作　　者：张光伟[1] 易星[1] 肖伯奎[1] 杨琨[1] 张建功[2] 刘兴发[2] 孔勇刚[1] 陶泽璋[1] 陈始明[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,武汉430060 [2]中国电力科学研究院

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2016年第1期49-53,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：国家电网公司总部科技项目

摘　　要：目的探讨变压器噪声对豚鼠旷场行为及听功能的影响。方法取32只健康成年(5~6月龄)豚鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,每组16只。实验组给予录制的变压器噪声(声压级范围40.8~55dB SPL,频谱范围150~2 000Hz)连续暴露28天,10小时/天(晚10点到早上8点),对照组在相同条件下饲养,无噪声暴露。在噪声暴露前1天、噪声暴露第28天记录实验组、对照组的旷场行为并对两组豚鼠进行DPOAE、ABR检测后,取耳蜗行常规耳蜗铺片和硝酸银染色,观察耳蜗毛细胞损害情况。结果噪声暴露28天后,两组豚鼠旷场行为差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、6.0、8.0kHz DPOAE反应幅值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。噪声暴露前1天及噪声暴露28天后实验组豚鼠的ABR反应阈分别为31.38±1.78、32.13±2.24dB SPL,与对照组(分别为31.89±1.03和31.75±1.57dB SPL)比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。噪声暴露28天后实验组豚鼠耳蜗外毛细胞形态基本正常,毛细胞缺失率(1.31%±0.52%)与对照组(0.85%±0.23%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论声压级范围为40.8~55dB SPL、频谱范围为150~2 000 Hz的变压器噪声连续暴露28天(10小时/天)对成年豚鼠旷场行为及听功能无明显影响。Objective To study behavioral and auditory changes in guinea pigs after being exposed to transformer noise.Methods A total of 32 guinea pigs were grouped randomly into noise group（16）and normal group（16）.The noise group was exposed to the transformer noise（sound pressure level：40.8~55dB SPL,frequency content：150~2 000Hz）for consecutively 28days（10hours per day,10：00pm^8：00am）.Animal behaviours were observed respectively by automatic tracting system.Auditory brainstem response（ABR）thresholds and distortion product otoacoustic emission（DPOAE）were measured before and after noise exposure（28days）.After the measurement,the organs of Corti were processed.Their basilar membranes were stained by silver nitrate and the hair cell injuries were quantitatively assessed using the light microscope.Results Compared with the control group the basic indexes of animal behaviour in psychopharmacology were not markedly different in the noise group（P〉0.05）.The guinea pigs exposed to the noise showed no significant decreases of DPOAE leveles（1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,6.0,8.0kHz）（P〉0.05）.The ABR thresholds of the guinea pigs before and after exposure were 31.38±1.78 and 32.13±2.24 dB SPL.The ABR thresholds of the normal group were 31.89±1.03 and 31.75±1.57 dB SPL.The ABR thresholds of the guinea pigs exposed to the noise showed no significant difference with normal group（P〉0.05）.Outer hair cells in noise group were normal,percentages of outer hair cell loss in noise group and normal group were1.31%±0.52% and 0.85%±0.23%.They showed no significant difference（P〉0.05）.Conclusion Exposure of the transformer noise（sound pressure level：40.8~55dB SPL,frequency content：150~2 000Hz）for 28days（10hours per day,10：00pm^8：00am）does not cause behavioral changes and auditory changes in guinea pigs.

关 键 词：变压器噪声 动物行为学 耳声发射 听性脑干反应 耳蜗毛细胞 

分 类 号：R764.433[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]