抗事故包装箱碰撞过程靶体等效方法研究  

Equivalent Method for the Targets in Impact Process of Accident-resistant Packaging Container

作　　者：李娜[1] 刘剑钊[1,2] 张思才[1] 薛江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,绵阳621999 [2]西北工业大学,西安710072

出　　处：《包装工程》2016年第1期25-28,38,共5页Packaging Engineering

摘　　要：目的为危险材料运输过程中的安全性评估提供依据。方法将包装系统(包括箱体、缓冲结构及靶体)简化为由3个非线性弹簧及1个质量块组成的弹簧-质量块模型,利用能量守恒定律,分析抗事故包装箱碰撞过程中冲击动能与应变能之间的转化过程,假设使包装箱吸收相同变形能的冲击速度等效,研究碰撞过程中屈服靶体与非屈服靶体的速度等效关系,并通过实例应用此数学方法。结果得出抗事故包装箱跌落碰撞过程中屈服靶体与非屈服靶体速度关系等效的数学方法,并通过实例分析得出包装箱以一定速度(13.9 m/s)碰撞非屈服靶体可等效为更高速度(26.8 m/s)的屈服靶体碰撞。结论研究提出的等效方法可为危险材料的运输安全性评估提供依据。The aim of this work was to provide a basis for security evaluation during transportation process of danger-ous substances. The package system （cask body, impact limiter and target） was simplified to a spring-mass model composed of three nonlinear springs and a concentrated mass, then based on the principle of conservation of energy, the transfer course between kinetic energy and strain energy of accident-resistant packaging container was analyzed during impact process, sup- posing that velocities resulting cask body and impact limiter absorbing the same energy were equivalent, then the equivalent velocity between yielding target and unyielding target during the impact process was studied, and this equivalent relationship was applied in an example. A math method of researching equivalent velocity between yielding target and unyielding target during impact process of accident-resistant packaging container was presented, and then it was validated by an example that when the packaging container collided with unyielding target at a determinate velocity （13.9 m/s）, it was equivalent with a higher velocity （26.8 m/s） colliding with yielding target. This equivalent method introduced in this paper could provide a ba- sis for security evaluation during transportation process of dangerous substances.

关 键 词：抗事故包装箱 屈服靶体 非屈服靶体 等效方法 碰撞 

分 类 号：TB485.3[一般工业技术—包装工程]