2009-2014年许昌市0～6岁儿童传染病流行病学分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among the children aged 0 to 6 years in Xuchang, 2009-2014

作　　者：张巧红[1] 尧怀志[1] 徐向华[1] 马莹莹[1] 郑有忠 

机构地区：[1]许昌市疾病预防控制中心,河南许昌461000 [2]许昌市许昌县疾病预防控制中心,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第1期24-27,54,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2009-2014年许昌市0-6岁儿童法定报告传染病流行特征,为预防控制传染病提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法进行数据分析。结果 2009-2014年共报告许昌市0-6岁儿童法定传染病28种42 229例,年均发病率为1 683.96/10万。前5位的病种为手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、其它感染性腹泻、细菌性痢疾和麻疹。不同年龄发病情况和疾病谱构成不同,手足口病、细菌性痢疾、其它感染性腹泻、麻疹发病率随年龄增长下降,流行性腮腺炎发病率随年龄增长上升;0-岁组儿童新生儿破伤风、梅毒、丙肝、肺结核发病率高于其他年龄组。肠道传染病发病最高峰出现在4-5月（占45.28%）,呼吸道传染病发病最高峰出现在4-6月（占42.52%）,虫媒及自然疫源性疾病发病高峰期为7-9月（占87.50%）,血源及性传播疾病无明显发病高峰。结论许昌市0-6岁儿童传染病发病率高,是传染病预防控制工作的重点针对人群,应根据疾病谱、流行特征采取有效措施减少疫情发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of national notifiable infectious diseases among children aged0-6 years in Xuchang during 2009-2014, and to provide basis for the disease control and prevention. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was adopted to analyze the monitoring data. Results 42229 cases in 28 kinds notifiable infectious diseases were reported during 2009 to 2014, and the average annual incidence was 1683.96/100 000. The top 5 diseases were handfoot-mouth disease, mumps, other infectious diarrhea disease, bacterial dysentery, and measles. The incidence and spectrum of disease were different in different age groups. The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease, bacterial dysentery, other infectious diarrhea disease and measles declined, and the incidence of mumps increased with the increase of age. The incidence of neonatal tetanus, hepatitis C, syphilis, tuberculosis in 0 age group was higher than that of other age groups. The peak incidence of intestinal infectious disease（45.28%）, respiratory infectious diseases（42.52%）, zoonotic diseases（87.50%） appeared independently from April to Month, from April to June, and from July to September, respectively. Conclusion The incidence of notifiable infectious diseases was high among the children aged 0 to 6 years in Xuchang City. The targeted prevention and control work should be carried out.

关 键 词：法定报告传染病 流行特征 扩大免疫规划 儿童 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]