新疆涂阳结核病的流行特征及地区聚集性分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and regional clustering analysis of tuberculosis in Xinjiang

作　　者：靳圆圆[1] 姚雪梅[1] 王微[1] 曹明芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学教研室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2016年第2期239-242,共4页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2015081)

摘　　要：目的探讨新疆涂阳结核病流行特征及地区聚集性,为传染病防控提供依据。方法以2004-2010年新疆涂阳结核病报告患者资料为依据,采用描述性统计分析涂阳结核病患者的人群特征与发病的季节性;采用系统聚类对各地州涂阳结核病报告率进行归类;采用空间自相关分析探测98个区县报告率的空间格局及热点区域。结果 2004-2010年新疆涂阳结核病报告患者共计104 961例,2005年涂阳结核病报告率最高达95.1/10万,2005年后呈逐年下降趋势;患者平均年龄（47.52±19.04）岁,以60～69岁患者居多,其次为20～29岁;职业以农牧民为主;流行期为3～6月份;系统聚类将各地州涂阳结核病报告率从高到低划分为3类,且由北向南呈上升趋势;空间自相关分析发现涂阳结核病在区县水平呈聚集分布,且发病热点区覆盖19个区（县）,多集中在西南部,冷点区主要集中在天山北坡经济带周围。结论新疆涂阳结核病报告率南疆高于北疆,存在明显空间聚集,应对发病高风险高聚集区域加强监测及管理,制定区域化的结核防控策略。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and regional aggregation of smear positive TB in Xinjiang,and provide the basis for prevention and control of infectious disease. Methods Taking the report data of Xinjiang smear positive TB patients that from 2004 to 2010 as the basis,using descriptive statistical to analyse crowd characteristics and the onset of seasonal of smear-positive TB patients; Using hierarchical clustering around the state reporting rates of smear-positive TB to classify; Using spatial autocorrelation analysis to detect reporting rates of 98 spatial pattern and hotspot regions. Results From 2004 to 2010,the registered smear positive TB patients in Xinjiang were 104 961 cases. The highest reporting rate is 95. 1 /100 000 in 2005. After 2005,it showed the tendency of decrease year by year. The average age of the patients was（ 47. 52 ±19. 04） years. The majority of patients were 60 to 69 years,followed by 20 to 29 years. The majority of patients were farmers and herdsmen; The prevalent time was from March to June months; The smear-positive TB reporting rate from the cities of Xinjiang were divided into three categories from high to low by systerm clustering,and there was the upward trend from north to south. Space autocorrelation analysis found smear-positive TB at district level were aggregated distribution,and the incidence of hot spots covering 19 districts（ counties）,mostly concentrated in the southwest,cold spots mainly concentrated in the economic zone around the Tianshan Mountains. Conclusion The sourth of Xinjiang report rate of smear positive tuberculosis is higher than north,and exist significant spatial clustering,To strengthen the monitoring and management of the high-risk and high-response region,and make the regionalization of tuberculosis prevention and control strategies.

关 键 词：涂阳结核病 报告率 聚集性 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]