辽宁省2010—2014年流感流行特征及变化趋势  

Variation tendency and epidemiologic characteristics of influenza in Liaoning province 2010-2014

作　　者：孙佰红[1] 王璐璐[1] 于伟[1] 毛玲玲[1] 田疆[1] 姚文清[1] 赵卓[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心感染与传染性疾病控制所,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2016年第1期45-47,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家重大传染病防治科技重大专项项目(2012ZX10004-209)

摘　　要：目的了解2010--2014年度辽宁省流感流行趋势及病原谱，为流感的预防控制提供参考依据。方法对2010--2014年21家流感监测哨点医院每周在监测科室监测到的流感样病例（简称ILI）、采集的ILI标本用MDCK细胞进行流感病毒分离后用血凝抑制试验进行亚型鉴定后的病原学监测结果、暴发疫情资料等数据应用爿。检验和时间序列移动平均法进行分析。结果2010--2014年哨点医院共监测报告ILI病例651241万例，所在门急诊就诊病例16236264万例，ILI所占百分比平均为4．01％。4个监测年度报告的ILI％分别为3．79％、3．41％、4．59％、4．19％。相同年度月份间ILI％差异均有统计学意义，P值均〈0．01。ILI主要分布在小年龄人群，尤其是0—4岁组，均占到50％以上。4个监测年度平均分离阳性率分别为1．20％、6．38％、7．35％和7．15％，每一年优势毒株不同，分别是H3N2型、B型、H3N2型和甲型H1N1型。暴发疫情多发生于冬春季，且多为托幼机构和学校。结论辽宁省流感流行季节性仍明显，12月份次年3月份高发。流感病毒多混合流行，优势毒株交替出现且有一定的规律，2010年后季节性H1N1型流感基本消失。Objective To examine epidemic situation and pathogenic characteristics of influenza in Liaoning prov- ince from 2010 to 2014 and to provide evidences for formulating preventive and control strategies. Methods Chi-square test and time series moving average method were used to analyze weekly data on influenza-like illness（ILI） from the 21 influenza sentinel hospitals and pathogen surveillance results of subtypes identified with hemagglutination inhibition test after viral isolation for specimens from ILI with Madin-Darby canine kidney（MDCK） cells from 2010 to 2014. Results During the 4-year period,the reported ILI cases accounted for 4.01% of all outpatient clinic visits（651 241 out of 16 236 264） ,with the yearly proportion of 3.79% ,3.41% ,4. 59% ,and 4. 19% ,respectively. The proportion of ILI in all outpatient clinic visits was significantly different among the months during a year（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The ILI cases reported were mainly the people under the age of 15 years and 50% of the cases were small children aged 0 -5 years. During the period,the yearly positive rate of influenza virus isolation were 1.20% ,6.38% ,7.35% ,and 7.15% ,with the dominant strain of H3N2 ,B ,H3N2, and H1N1, respectively. The influenza outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring and at schools and childcare facilities. Conclusion The seasonal variation of influenza epidemic is obvious with a peak from December of a year to March of next year and the prevalent influenza strains are multiple with the alternations of domi- nant strains in Liaoning province from 2010 to 2014.

关 键 词：流感 特征 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]