国外某露天矿边坡爆破振动监测及数值模拟  

Monitoring of Blasting Vibration and Numerical Simulation of a Foreign Open-pit Mine Slope

作　　者：包德荣 高永涛[1,2] 肖术[1] 孔戈 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院 [2]金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室 [3]上海众材工程检测有限公司

出　　处：《现代矿业》2015年第12期121-125,共5页Modern Mining

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51178044);科技北京百名领军人才培养工程基金项目(编号:Z151100000315014);北京高校青年英才计划资助项目(编号:YETP0340)

摘　　要：以国外某露天矿生产爆破为研究背景,采用振动监测仪进行了4组爆破振动监测试验,监测数据分析表明,边坡爆破振速较大,振动持续时间较长,两者是影响露天边坡动力稳定性的主要因素。采用三维有限差分法进行了露天矿靠帮生产爆破数值模拟,并与现场监测结果进行对比。结果表明:1数值模拟结果与现场实测的振速波形变化规律及振速峰值基本一致;2在爆破载荷作用下,邻近爆源台阶坡面底部产生了剪切塑性破坏,坡顶产生了张拉塑性破坏,最大水平位移(约10 mm)发生在台阶坡顶。上述研究结果进一步表明:靠帮生产爆破对露天矿边坡稳定性影响较大,有必要采取适当的减震措施,降低爆破振动对边坡稳定性的影响。Taking the production blasting of a foreign open-pit mine as the research example,four set of blasting vibration monitoring tests are conducted by using the vibration monitors,the monitoring data analysis results show that the vibration velocity of the slope is large and the vibration duration is long,the vibration velocity and vibration duration are the main influence factors of the dynamic stability of open-pit mine slope. In addition,the numerical simulation of production blasting of the open-pit mine slope is conducted based on the three-dimensional finite difference method,the numerical simulation results and the site monitoring results are compared with each other. The results show that： 1the vibration velocity waveform and peak value of vibration velocity obtained by numerical simulating are basically consistent with the ones that obtained by site monitoring; 2with the effect of blasting loads,the shear plastic failure is occurred at the slope toe near the explosion source,and the tension plastic failure is occurred at the slope top,the largest horizontal displacement（ about 10 mm） is occurred at the sloe top. The above results further indicated that the influence of production blasting to open-pit mine slope is big,therefore,it is necessary to take effective vibration reduction measures to reduce the effects of blasting vibration on the stability of the open-pit mine slope.

关 键 词：露天矿山 边坡 生产爆破 爆破振动 数值模拟 减震措施 

分 类 号：TD80[矿业工程—矿山开采] TD235.14