鹅足区肌腱止点的形态学特点及其意义  

The morphologic features and meaning of the tendons in pesanserinus

作　　者：汪淼[1] 冯泽坤[2] 陆子轩 周睿[1] 张喜[3] 郭晓丹[3] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学学员旅学员四队,上海200433 [2]第二军医大学长海医院研究生管理大队,上海200433 [3]第二军医大学基础部解剖学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2016年第1期46-49,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

基　　金：第二军医大学大学生创新基金面上项目(FH044)

摘　　要：目的通过对鹅足区3肌止点位置、排列关系,及其表面的神经分布进行解剖学测量和分析,临床改良股薄肌腱、半腱肌腱自体移植的手术入路提供解剖学基础。方法选用69例经福尔马林防腐固定的成人尸体下肢标本,解剖观测鹅足区表面神经走行及肌腱排列关系。结果鹅足区肌腱止点处排列成3种形态,腱蹼胫骨下界位于胫骨结节下缘以下(1.765±0.759)cm处,半腱肌、股薄肌、缝匠肌距胫骨嵴内侧缘平均距离分别为(1.550±0.557)、(1.376±0.551)、(1.294±0.629)cm。该区表面主要有隐神经及其发出的髌下支走行,在胫骨结节水平,隐神经主干和髌下支距胫骨嵴内侧缘距离分别为(7.071±0.696)、(4.033±0.991)cm。结论熟悉鹅足区肌腱止点的形态学特点,可以改进该区域肌腱移植时手术入路,提高手术质量,减少并发症的发生率。Objective The aim of this study was to delineate the consistent anatomical structures in the pesanserinus and to provide an applied anatomic data for location the tendons on pesanserinus in autograft surgery. Methods Sixty-nine lower extremities from fixed cadavers were dissected to expose the pesanserinus. The locations of end point of sartorius, semitendinosus, and gracilis were measured. Results Three types of array pattern of the tendons in pesanserinus were found. The lower bound of tendons in pesanserinus was located （1.765±0.759） cm below the transverse plane of tibial tubercle. And the horizontal range between ending point of semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius, to tibial crest was （1.550±0.557）, （1.376±0.551）, and （1.294±0.629） cm, the horizontal range between Saphenous nerve, Infrapatellar branch to tibial crest was （7.071±0.696）,（4.033±0.991） cm. Conclusion Knowledge of the microsurgical features of the tendons in pesanserinus would help to better the approach in autograft surgery, which can improve the quality of in autograft surgery.

关 键 词：鹅足 缝匠肌 股薄肌 半腱肌 入路 

分 类 号：R322.7[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]