遵义市50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS among adults over the age of 50 in Zunyi City

作　　者：曹家艳[1] 杨家奇 周彩霞[1] 陈正义[1] 施聃 王世平[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省遵义市疾病预防控制中心,贵州遵义563000 [2]遵义市汇川区疾病预防控制中心,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第2期211-213,226,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解遵义市50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS流行情况,为该人群HIV/AIDS的防控提供参考依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法,分析遵义市1995-2014年50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例的流行病学特征。结果遵义市于2005年报告首例50岁及以上病例,截止2014年累计报告558例,占总报告病例数的24.5%,所占比例呈逐年上升趋势,从2005年的6.5%上升到2014年的40.6%,男女性别比为3.4∶1,最大年龄92岁,平均年龄(63.2±8.9)岁,职业以农民、家政、家务及待业、离退休人员为主,文化程度以小学为主,占50.5%,其次为初中,占31.4%,主要存在性传播和注射传播2种传播途径,以异性传播为主,占95.9%,病例样本主要来源于医疗机构,共421例,占75.4%,病例主要集中在红花岗区、遵义县、汇川区、赤水市、正安县5个地区。结论遵义市50岁及以上人群的HIV/AIDS疫情日趋严峻,应积极探索针对该人群HIV/AIDS进一步传播蔓延的措施。Objective The study aimed to assess the epidemic situation of HIV/AIDS in adults aged 50 and above in Zunyi City, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control against the disease. Methods Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS among adults aged 50 and above in Zunyi between 1995 and 2014 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological approaches. Results A total of 558 AIDS cases were reported from 2005 to 2014, accounting for 24.5% of the total number of reported cases in Zunyi. The incidence had increased from 6.5% in 2005 to 40.6% in 2014. The male/female incidence ratio among the eases was 3.4：1, and the average age was 63.2 ± 8.9 years old with the oldest patient being 92 years old. The most vulnerable populations to AIDS were peasants, housekeepers, house workers, and unemployed or retired adults. Education level of most of the cases was primary school （50.5%）, followed by middle school （31.4%）. The two major routes of transmission among the cases were sexual transmission and injection transmission, with 95.9% of the sexually transmitted cases being heterosexual transmission. Information of the cases were mainly obtained from medical institutions （421 cases, 75.4%）; and the majority of the cases were reported in Honghuagang District, Zunyi County, Huichuan District, Chishui City, and Zheng＇an County. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HIV/AIDS in adults aged 50 and above in Zunyi City has become increasingly severe. Effective measures for preventing further transmission and spread of HIV/AIDS from the infected populations should be actively explored.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 50岁及以上人群 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]