沙漠戈壁光伏电厂的生态学意义  

Ecological Significance of Photovoltaic Power Plants in the Desert and Gobi

作　　者：刘世增[1] 常兆丰[1] 朱淑娟[1] 韩福贵[1] 仲生年[1] 段小峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《生态经济》2016年第2期177-181,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家973前期项目"绿洲边缘高大新月形沙丘稳定性研究"(2014CB460611)

摘　　要：光伏发电作为一种新兴的能源产业发展很快,近些年来在我国西北沙漠、戈壁地区也建立了一批光伏发电厂。那么,在沙漠、戈壁上建造光伏电厂有无生态学意义,有何生态学意义呢?文章运用河西走廊的气象资料和民勤沙区的光照观测资料以及植被观测资料,对此作了探索性分析。结果表明,1 m2的光伏电池板转换的太阳能相当于民勤沙区260.75 m2沙漠植被利用的太阳能。我国沙漠、戈壁面积广大,沙尘暴和风沙流发生频繁。沙漠、戈壁地区光照资源丰富,在沙漠、戈壁上发展光伏产业,不仅具有可观的经济效益,而且具有显著的生态学意义:一方面能有效调节地表的热力平衡,防止和减少沙尘暴和风沙流,光伏发电与防沙治沙相得益彰,是一种经济产出和生态防护双赢的产业;另一方面,无需占用耕地和其他可用土地资源,有利于保护国家的耕地"红线"。沙漠、戈壁地区也是多风的地区,光伏发电厂辅之以风力发电均有利于转化、消耗沙漠、戈壁地区沙尘暴和风沙流的动力源,由此减少沙尘暴和风沙流的发生。Photovoltaic as an emerging energy industry has developed rapidly. A number of photovoltaic power plants in recent years in the desert and gobi area of northwest China＇s were established. So, the PV power plant in the desert and gobi construction whether the ecological significance of what ecological significance？ This article made this exploratory analysis of the use of meteorological data of Hexi Corridor and light observations and vegetation observations Minqin desert area. The results showed that, the two are equal that the solar energy is converted by lm2 of PV panels and the solar energy is utilized by 260.75 m2 of desert plants, in Desert Area. Vast area of desert and gobi and dust storms and sand flow occurs frequently in China. Where the rich resources of light in the desert and gobi regions. Development of photovoltaic industry not only has considerable economic benefits, but also has significant ecological significance in the desert and gobi region. First, PV can regulate thermodynamic equilibrium on the surface. Prevent and reduce the sandstorm and sand flow. PV and sand prevention and control complement each other, and it is an industry of a win-win with economic output and ecological protection. On the other hand, without taking up arable land and other available resources, help protect the country＇s arable land ＂red line＂. Desert and gobi region is also windy areas. It is advantageous for the transformation and consumption of power sources of sandstorm and sand flow in the desert and gobi region and Thereby reducing the occurrence of sandstorm and sand flow by Photovoltaic power plants complemented by wind power.

关 键 词：沙漠 戈壁 光伏电厂 生态学意义 河西走廊 

分 类 号：X382[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]