超临界CO_2萃取花叶艳山姜叶片精油工艺优化  

Optimization of Supercritical CO_2 Extraction for Essential Oil from Alpinia zerumbet 'Variegata' Leaves

作　　者：陈建烟[1,2] 余雪芳[1,2] 李欣欣[1,2] 李永裕[1,2] 黄添毅[1,2] 吴少华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学园艺植物天然产物研究所,福州350002

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2016年第1期27-30,共4页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2012J01083)

摘　　要：花叶艳山姜是优良的芳香及观赏植物,其叶片具有独特香气,可用于萃取植物精油。采用超临界CO_2法萃取花叶艳山姜叶片精油,并以精油得率为指标优化萃取工艺。通过单因素试验,分别考察萃取时间、萃取温度、萃取压力和CO_2流量4个因素对花叶艳山姜叶片精油得率的影响,结果表明这4个因素对精油得率均有显著影响。在单因素试验基础上,进行4因素3水平的正交试验,试验结果表明,超临界CO_2法萃取花叶艳山姜叶片精油的最优萃取工艺条件为:萃取时间2 h、萃取压力20 MPa、萃取温度30℃和CO_2流量30 L·h^(-1);在此条件下精油得率为5.07%。通过正交试验极差分析表明这4个因素对花叶艳山姜叶片精油得率的影响程度不同,其影响程度大小顺序为:萃取时间>CO_2流量>萃取压力>萃取温度。Alpinia zerumbet ＇Variegata＇ is an excellent aromatic and ornamental plant. Owing to a unique fragrance of its foliage, A. zerumbet ＇ Variegata＇ can be a fine material for extracting essential oil. The leaf essential oil of A. zerumbet ＇ Variegata＇ （LEOA） was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction （SCE） ; the optimization of SCE was conducted with the yield of LEOA as the indicator. The effects of extraction time, temperature, and pressure and CO2 flow on the yield of LEOA were investigated with single factor tests. The results showed that these factors significantly affected the yield of LEOA. Based on the results of the single factors tests, the orthogonal tests of four factors at three levels were performed. The results of orthogonal test showed that the optimal conditions were as follows ： extraction time 2 h, temperature 30℃, pressure 25 MPa, CO2 flow 15.5 L · h^-1. On these conditions, the yield of LEOA could be 5.07%. The range analysis of orthogonal test revealed that the effects of factors on the yield of LEOA were different with the order as follows ： extraction time 〉 CO2 flow 〉 pressure 〉 temperature.

关 键 词：花叶艳山姜 超临界CO2萃取精油 正交试验 

分 类 号：Q946.85[生物学—植物学] S682.36[农业科学—观赏园艺]