生物质炭对黑土吸附-解吸硝态氮性能的影响  

Effect of biochar on adsorption-desorption characteristics of nitrate nitrogen in black soil

作　　者：王冰[1,2] 赵闪闪[1,2] 秦治家 高强[1,2] 娄玉杰[4] 刘淑霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,长春130118 [3]吉林省东辽县足民农业站,吉林东辽136615 [4]吉林农业大学动物科技学院,长春130118

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年第1期115-121,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20110202);吉林省科技引导计划项目(201205057);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20110303);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-38)

摘　　要：为了探讨生物质炭对黑土吸附-解吸硝态氮性能的影响,减少黑土中硝态氮的淋失、提高氮肥利用率以及为农业废弃物资源化利用提供理论依据,采用培养试验,应用Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程,研究了添加不同来源(玉米秸秆、稻壳、松木)和不同添加比例(0.6%、1.2%、3.6%、6%)生物质炭对黑土中硝态氮(NO_3^--N)的吸附和解吸特征。结果表明,施用生物质炭可增加黑土对NO_3^--N的吸附量,且三种生物质炭的添加比例为3.6%时,土壤对NO_3^--N的吸附量最大;施用玉米秸秆生物质炭的黑土对NO_3^--N的吸附量最大(实际最大吸附量为0.929 mg·g^(-1)),施用松木生物质炭的黑土对NO_3^--N的吸附量最小(实际最大吸附量为0.578 mg·g^(-1))。施用生物质炭可降低黑土对NO_3^--N的解吸率,且三种生物质炭的添加比例为3.6%时,土壤对NO_3^--N的解吸率最低;添加玉米秸秆生物质炭的黑土对NO_3^--N的解吸率最低,添加松木生物质炭的黑土对NO_3^--N的解吸率最高。不同生物质炭对NO_3^--N的吸附能力表现为玉米秸秆>稻壳>松木;对其解吸能力表现为玉米秸秆<稻壳<松木。生物质炭及添加生物质炭的黑土对NO_3^--N的吸附过程符合Langmuir方程。It is well documented that biochar can adsorb nitrate nitrogen（NO^-N） from water. However, few studies were available on the effects of biochar applications on adsorption-desorption properties of NO;-N in soil. In this study, an incubation experiment was conducted to assess the effects of different biochars （corn-stalk biochar, rice-hull biochar and larch biochar） at four application rates （0.6%, 1.2%, 3.6%, and 6%） on adsorption and desorption of NO;-N in black soil. Results showed that biochar applications increased NO;-N adsorption, with the highest adsorption capacity occurred in soil added with 3.6% biochar. Of three biochars, com-stalk biochar had the highest NO;-N adsorption capacity, which was 0.929 mg·g-1, whereas larch biochar had the lowest NO3-N adsorption, with only 0.578 mg·g-1. Applications of biochars reduced the desorption rates of NO3-N from soil. The lowest desorption was found at a biochar rate of 3.6%. On the contrary, corn-stalk biochar had the lowest NO3-N desorption while larch biochar displayed the highest desorption. The adsorption ability of NO3-N by biochars was：corn-stalk biochars〉 rice-hull biochar〉 larch biochar, but the desorption was opposite. The isothermal adsorption of NO3-N on soil amended with biochars could be well described by Langmuir isothermal equation.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆生物质炭 稻壳生物质炭 松木生物质炭 硝态氮 吸附 解吸 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]