微流控技术在法医DNA快速检验方面的应用  

Application of microfluidics technology in DNA rapid testing of forensic science

作　　者：韩俊萍[1] 孙敬[2,3] 欧元[2,3] 叶健[2,3] 刘耀[1,2,3] 李彩霞[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038 [2]公安部物证鉴定中心北京市现场物证检验工程技术研究中心,北京100038 [3]公安部物证鉴定中心法医遗传学公安部重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《中国测试》2016年第1期53-60,共8页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2015JB005);公安部技术研究计划资助项目(2014JSYJA011)

摘　　要：微流控芯片技术因其微型化、自动化、高通量、集成化、快速等优势使得实验室研究产生革命性的变化,并在生物化学、医学等诸多领域得到广泛应用,但目前还没有基于微流控芯片技术的国产全集成自动化DNA分析仪。该文总结微流控技术在DNA提取、PCR扩增、电泳分离等DNA检验流程方面的研究现状与进展,尤其是在法医DNA快速检验方面的研究进展,同时介绍国内外全集成式DNA分析的研究状况。全集成与功能化是目前微流控技术研究的主流方向。未来,以微流控芯片为主导的全自动、便携式、集成化的DNA分析系统,将使得法医DNA检验从实验室走进案件现场甚至日常生活,实现真正的快速即时检验。Miniature, automatic and integrated with high throughput and rapid analysis, the microfluidic chip technology has brought revolutionary changes in laboratory experimentation in recent years and has been widely used in many research-based field, such as biochemistry and medicine. However, microfluidics is not yet introduced into home-made totally-integrated automation DNA analyzers. This paper has summarized the applications of microfluidics in DNA rapid testing, including DNA extraction, PCR amplification and electrophoresis separation, especially the advance of forensic DNA rapid detection. In addition, it also discussed the research state of the totally-integrated DNA analysis at home and abroad. Currently, full integration and versatility are the mainstream direction of microfluidic technology research. With the help of this system, rapid and real-time forensic DNA testing will not only be conducted in laboratories, but also at crime scenes and even in everyday lives.

关 键 词：微流控芯片技术 DNA快速检验 综述 全集成 

分 类 号：Q781[生物学—分子生物学]