两种风险评估模型在印刷行业中的应用研究  

Application of Two Risk Assessment Models to Printing Industry

作　　者：谢红卫[1] 张美辨[1] 周莉芳[1] 全长健[1] 陈瑞生[2] 朱江[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,浙江杭州310051 [2]温州市疾病预防控制中心卫生科,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2016年第1期29-33,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(编号:2013KYA042)

摘　　要：[目的]运用新加坡风险评估模型(MOM)和国际采矿与金属委员会风险评估模型(ICMM)对印刷行业进行风险评估,探索适用于印刷行业的风险评估技术和模型。[方法]选取3家印刷企业作为研究对象,应用上述两种模型进行风险等级评估,比较两种模型风险评估结果异同。[结果]MOM显示:企业A在收卷、放卷和调色换版岗位接触甲苯危害判定为高风险;企业B在收卷岗位接触苯危害判定为高风险;企业C在放卷和收卷岗位接触苯危害判定为极高风险和高风险,在收卷、放卷和调色换版岗位接触甲苯危害判定为高风险;企业A、B和C在收卷、放卷和调色换版岗位接触二甲苯危害判定为中等风险或低风险,接触丙酮危害判定为中等风险、低风险或可忽略风险。ICMM定量法显示:企业A在收卷、放卷和调色换版岗位接触甲苯和丙酮危害判定为不可容忍风险;企业B在收卷岗位接触苯、甲苯、二甲苯和丙酮危害判定为不可容忍风险,在放卷和调色换版岗位接触甲苯和丙酮危害判定为不可容忍风险;企业C在收卷和放卷岗位接触苯、甲苯和二甲苯危害判定为不可容忍风险,在调色换版岗位接触苯、甲苯危害判定为不可容忍风险。ICMM矩阵法显示:企业A在收卷、放卷和调色换版岗位接触甲苯危害判定为高风险,在调色换版岗位接触丙酮危害判定为高风险;企业B在收卷岗位接触甲苯为高风险,在放卷和调色换版岗位接触丙酮危害判定为高风险;企业C在收卷、放卷和调色换版岗位接触甲苯危害判定为高风险。[结论]两种模型在风险水平评估结果上不完全一致,MOM更能客观地评估印刷行业化学毒物的风险水平。［Objective］ To explore a risk assessment model suitable for printing industry through applying models provided by Singapore Ministry of Manpower （MOM） and International Council on Mining and Metal （ICMM） respectively. ［Methods］ We employed two risk assessment models to evaluate three printing enterprises, then compared the evaluation results. ［Results］The results of MOM model showed that the exposure to methylbenzene in winding, unwinding, and color matching positions was a high risk in enterprise A. Similarly, the exposure to benzene in winding position in enterprise B was a high risk. The exposure to benzene in winding and unwinding positions in enterprise C was a high risk and an excessive high risk, respectively; the exposure to methylbenzene in winding, unwinding, and color matching positions was a high risk in enterprise C. Furthermore, the exposure to dimethylbenzene in the three positions and three enterprises was a medium or low risk; while the exposure risk of acetone was medium, low, or negligible. According to the quantitative method in ICMM model, the exposure risks of methylbenzene and acetone were intolerable in all exposure positions in enterprise A. The exposure risks of benzene, methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene, and acetone were intolerable in winding position in enterprise B; the exposure risks of methylbenzene and acetone were intolerable in unwinding and color matching positions similarly. The exposure risks of benzene, methylbenzene, and dimethylbenzene were intolerable in winding and unwinding positions in enterprise C; the exposure risks of benzene and methylbenzene in color matching position were also intolerable. On the other hand, according to the matrix method in ICMM model, the risk of exposure to methylbenzene in all exposure positions and the risk of exposure to acetone in color matching position were high in enterprise A. It showed a high risk of exposure to methylbenzene in winding position and exposure to acetone in unwinding position and color matching positio

关 键 词：风险评估 印刷行业 新加坡风险评估模型 国际采矿与金属委员会风险评估模型 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]