美国科学数据共享的经验借鉴及其对我国科学基金启示:以NSF和NIH为例  

American scientific data sharing experience and its implications for NSFC:case study of NSF and NIH

作　　者：汪俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学科学技术研究院,合肥230009

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2016年第1期69-75,共7页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：大科学时代,科学数据是具有重要价值的战略性资源,加强科学数据共享是提高科技投资效率、提升创新能力的重要手段,然而科学数据共享过程中面临着一些困境。文章首先对科学数据共享相关概念进行清晰界定,从经济学基础和法理基础两个方面,分析科学数据共享的内在逻辑机理。系统比较了美国NSF和NIH在科学数据共享的理念、内容和方式等方面差异,深度剖析了其在科学数据共享方面面临的困境及其解决方案,结合国家自然科学基金在科学数据共享方面的实践进展,提出了完善我国科学数据共享的对策建议。In the era of big science, scientific data is a entific data sharing is the important method to improve promote the innovation ability, however, the scientific strategic resource of great value. Strengthening sci- the efficiency of science and technology investment, data sharing process is facing some difficulties. The article clearly defined the concept of scientific data sharing, and analyzed the internal logic mechanism of scientific data sharing from two aspects of economics and legal basis. Then we compared the concepts, con- tent, methods and other differences of scientific data sharing between NSF and NIH. The dilemma of sha- ring scientific data and their solutions were deeply analyzed combined with the scientific data sharing prac- tice of NSFC. At last we put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for improving scientific data sharing in China.

关 键 词：科学数据共享 NSF NIH 经验借鉴 

分 类 号：G327.12[文化科学]