基于随机前沿分析的我国医药制造业技术开发与成果转化创新效率研究  

Research on Technological Development and Transformation Achievement Innovation Efficiency in Pharmaceutical Industry in China Based on Stochastic Frontier Analysis

作　　者：曹阳[1] 周晓夏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学国际医药商学院,南京211198

出　　处：《中国药房》2016年第4期433-437,共5页China Pharmacy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(No.15ZDB167);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目(No.2013SJD630127)

摘　　要：目的:探寻我国医药制造业在技术开发与成果转化两个阶段的创新效率提升途径。方法:采用随机前沿分析方法,对我国2001-2013年28个省(区、市)医药制造业的投入与产出数据进行测算,得出两个阶段的创新效率,并依据两个阶段的整体效率均值将28个省(区、市)医药制造业划分为4类作进一步分析。结果与结论:我国医药制造业技术开发阶段的创新效率均值为0.626 2,成果转化阶段的创新效率均值为0.567 8,说明两个阶段的创新效率水平均不高,且成果转化阶段的创新效率落后于技术开发阶段。2013年,成果转化阶段创新效率的变异系数(0.274 2)高于技术开发阶段(0.194 5),表明各省(区、市)医药制造业成果转化阶段创新效率差异程度高于技术开发阶段。两个阶段创新效率水平都高的地区均处东部沿海以及经济发达区域,自然资源丰富的西部地区体现出较高的技术开发阶段效率,说明地区本身的经济水平或资源优势为医药制造业创新效率提升创造了条件。建议进一步加强制药企业与医药科研机构的科研成果信息交流,并重点发展西部地区的民族医药和中药。OBJECTIVE：To learn the way to improve innovation efficiency of technological development and achievement transformation stages in pharmaceutical industry in China. METHODS：The input and output data of pharmaceutical industry in 28provinces（regions,cities）of China from 2001-2013 were estimated by using stochastic frontier analysis（SFA）so as to obtain innovation efficiency of two stages. According to average efficiency of two stages,pharmaceutical industry of 28 provinces（regions,cities）were divided into 4 categories for further analysis. RESULTS CONCLUSIONS：The innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical industry in China was 0.626 2 at technology development stage and 0.567 8 at transformation stage,indicating they were not high either and the transformation efficiency was lagged behind the development efficiency. The coefficient of variation of innovation efficiency at transformation stage（0.274 2）was higher than development stage（0.194 5）,indicating the difference degree of innovation efficiency at transformation stage was larger than at development stage. The areas with higher efficiency in both stages were in Eastern and economically developed regions,and the Western region with rich natural resources had higher efficiency at technological development stage,indicating region economic level or resource advantages created the conditions for the pharmaceutical industry to enhance the innovation efficiency. It is suggested to further strengthen scientific achievement communication between pharmaceutical enterprises and pharmaceutical research institutions,and pay more attention to develop national medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in Western region.

关 键 词：医药制造业 技术开发 成果转化 创新效率 随机前沿分析 差异 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]