高山榕叶枯病病原菌分离鉴定和生物学特性的初步研究  

Pathogen Identification and Biological Characterstics of Leaf Blight of Ficus altissima

作　　者：李雪玲[1,2] 谢美华[1,2] 杨海艳[1,2] 陈华红[1,2] 闫俊梅[1] 王振吉[1,2] 范树国[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]楚雄师范学院化学与生命科学系,云南楚雄675000 [2]云南省高校应用生物学重点实验室,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第6期2558-2562,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省重点建设学科;楚雄师范学院重点建设学科基金项目(05YJJSXK03);云南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(IRTSTYN);云南省教育厅项目(2014Y443);楚雄师范学院院基金项目(05-YJRC04);楚雄师范学院基金项目(10YJYB02)

摘　　要：从高山榕发生叶枯病的病叶上分离到一株真菌,菌株编号记为CX0021D4。利用传统的形态学观察与现代分子生物学技术相结合的方法,并依据其形态特点与培养性状进行了初步研究。结果表明,病原菌为丝孢纲（Hyphomycetes）瘤座孢目（Tuberculariales）瘤座孢科（Tuberculariaceae）镰刀菌属（Fusarium Link）层生镰孢菌。该菌对营养要求不高,碳源和氮源均能利用,最佳碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和牛肉膏。该菌对温度和p H值的适应范围均较广,25~28℃菌丝生长速度最快,28~30℃之间孢子萌发率最高;适宜孢子萌发的p H值为7.0~8.0,弱碱性更利于孢子萌发;有无光照对菌落生长没有明显地影响,光照有利于孢子萌发。供试的5种广谱杀菌剂对该菌株的生长影响不同。敌克松和恶霜锰锌对该菌株的生长基本没有抑制作用。抑菌效果最好的是百菌清,扑海因次之,再次是代森锰锌。One fungal strains causing Leaf blight of Ficus altissima were separated and identified,which was noted for CX0021D4. The morphological identification and ITS sequences systematical analysis of the Pathogen were used,and the cultivation characters of the fungi were further studied. The results showed that the fungal belonged to the species of Fusarium proliferatum. Glucose and beef extract was the best carbon and nitrogen source for the strain. 25- 28 ℃ and 28- 30 ℃ was the appropriate temperature for colony growth and spore germination respectively. The optimum p H value for conidiophores germination was 7. 0- 8. 0. Illumination was beneficial for conidiophores germination of Fusarium strain. Photoperriod had little influence on mycelial growth. Chlorothalonil was the best fungicides in the test.

关 键 词：高山榕 叶枯病 病原鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S432.26[农业科学—植物病理学]