金朝与北方游牧部落的羁縻关系  

The Jimi Relationship between the Jin Dynasty and the Northern Nomadic Tribes

作　　者：程尼娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2016年第1期94-104,189,共11页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目(10JZD0008);国家社会科学基金重大委托项目(10&ZH006)

摘　　要：金朝与蒙古草原游牧部落的羁縻关系始于金太宗天会三年,其后逐步建构发展起北方游牧部落朝贡关系,直到金卫绍王大安三年蒙金全面开战为止,大约存续了80多年。金朝采用剿抚结合的手段经营对北方游牧部落的羁縻统辖关系,以北部缘边东北、西北、西南三路招讨司为主,管理游牧部落的朝贡活动,设立榷场进行互市,对蒙古、阻等部落酋长实行册封、宴赐制度,但不允许朝贡成员入内地朝贡,通常在界壕贡场对朝贡者进行回赐。金朝多次出大军镇压草原游牧部落的反叛者,表现出具有强力色彩的羁縻关系。随着北方游牧部落日益强大,金朝直辖区与草原游牧部落朝贡区的分界线"界壕"一再向南内缩。成吉思汗对金开战,结束了北方游牧部落与金朝的羁縻朝贡关系。The relationship between the Jin Dynasty and the nomadic tribes living in M ongolian grasslands began in the third year of Tianhui in Jin Taizong,and later gradually it developed and turned out to be the northern nomadic tribes' tributary relationship,which had existed for about eighty years until the third year of Da'an in Jin Weishaowang when M ongolia and the Jin Dynasty began to fight on all fronts. The Jin Dynasty adopted both suppression and placation to manage the northern nomadic tribes' Jimi relationship,and it was based on the three Zhaotaosi of northeast,northwest and southwest in north borders to manage the nomadic tribes' tributary. Quechang was established for trade,implementing the system of canonization and giving dinner,but the tributary members were not allowed to enter inland and they were rewarded at tributary field in sector trench. The Jin Dynasty dispatched numbers of troops to suppress the rebel of grasslands nomadic tribes,which showed the strong Jimi relationship. With the gradually strengthening of the northern nomadic tribes,the sector trench between the directly controlled areas and grasslands nomadic tribes was retreated to the south. The war that Genghis Khan waged to the Jin Dynasty ended the Jimi tributary relationship between the northern nomadic tribes and the Jin Dynasty.

关 键 词：金朝 北方游牧部落 羁縻关系 朝贡 

分 类 号：K246.4[历史地理—历史学]