船舶系泊动力分析数值模拟计算研究  

Study on numerical simulation of ship mooring by dynamic analysis

作　　者：高峰[1] 沈文君[1] 李焱[1] 谭忠华[1] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所港口水工建筑技术国家工程实验室工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《水道港口》2015年第6期494-501,共8页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(TKS130203)

摘　　要：利用动力分析方法的数学模型SHIP-MOORINGS对船舶系泊过程中的运动、波浪载荷及橡胶护舷的碰撞力进行了数值模拟计算。试验中,系泊船舶运动量、系缆力和撞击力随着波高的增大而增大,随着波浪周期的增大一般也增大,其变化关系还与船舶本身的自摇周期有关。当45°斜浪和90°横浪作用时,横移<1.0 m(PIANC,1995)的要求最容易超标,为该浪向作用下船舶作业标准的主要控制指标;当0°顺浪作用时,升沉<1.0 m的要求最容易超标,为顺浪作用下船舶作业标准的主要控制指标。在45°斜向浪作用时,沿船长方向布置的护舷所受碰撞力分布不均衡,艏、艉处的碰撞力较大,而在90°横浪和0°顺浪作用时,作业和系泊条件略好,因此控制浪向为艏来45°斜浪作用。其中,10 000DWT的船型由于吨位相对较小,风浪流作用下,运动量较大,其中横摇、横移表现最为明显。对于各泊位所选择的护舷型号,计算表明,系缆力控制工况下,护舷所受到的最大撞击力均小于其设计反力,护舷型号选择合理。Based on numerical simulation model of SHIP-MOORINGS, the movement, wave load and impactforce of the rubber fender in the process of ship mooring were calculated. During the test, the momentum, mooringforce and impact force increase with the increasing of wave height and wave period, and the change has relationshipwith ship′s natural period. When the wave direction is 45°and 90°, the requirement of sway below 1.0 m（PIANC,1995） is most likely to be out of limits, and it is the main control index of ship operation condition. When the wavedirection is 0°, the requirement of heaving below 1.0 m is most likely to be out of limits, and it is the main control index of ship operation condition. In oblique wave of 45°, the fenders along the ship are under uneven force, and theimpact forces on ship bow and stern are bigger. In transverse wave of 90°and following sea of 0°, the operation andmooring condition is slightly good, so control wave direction is oblique wave of 45°. Among them, the ship movement under the action of wind and waves is obvious because 10,000 DWT ship type is relatively small. For eachfender type, the calculation results show that the biggest impact force is all less than its design reaction under thecontrol condition of mooring force, and the fender selection is reasonable.

关 键 词：船舶系泊 波浪 运动量 护舷 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U661.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] O242.1[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]