卡拉麦里山雌雄盘羊行为差异及一致性研究  

Behavioral Differences and Synchronization on Males and Females of Ovis ammon darwini in Kalamaili Mountains,Xinjiang

作　　者：刘宁娜 初红军[1,2] 张钧泳 杜聪聪[1,3] 贺雷 葛炎 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区阿勒泰管理站,新疆阿勒泰836500 [3]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2016年第1期197-203,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：新疆自治区科技支撑计划项目(201233131);卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区阿勒泰管理站中央财政森林生态效益补偿基金项目;科技基础性工作专项重大项目(2013FY110300)

摘　　要：2012年3月至2013年3月,采用瞬时扫描取样法和目标取样法,在卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区对盘羊蒙古亚种（Ovis ammon darwini）的行为节律进行了研究。结果表明：不同季节雌雄盘羊有着相似的行为模式,但某些行为存在显著的季节性差异,其中,各季节采食行为都占有较高比例（约50%）,雌雄盘羊在采食行为时间分配上存在极显著的差异（P〈0.01）;不同季节卧息行为也占有相对较高的比例,但春季和秋季雌雄盘羊的行为时间分配存在极显著的差异（P〈0.01）。在昼间,雌雄盘羊均花费较多的时间采食和卧息;且雄性盘羊卧息使用的时间明显高于雌性。单性盘羊群体的行为一致性高于混合群体,雌、雄单性群体的行为一致性指数与混合群体相反。盘羊单性群体与混合群体的行为一致性之间存在显著的差异（雌性群体与混合群体：χ~2=14.976,df=1,P〈0.01;雄性群体与混合群体：χ~2=10.472,df=1,P〈0.01）。盘羊蒙古亚种雌雄性行为之间的差异性验证了性别分离的活动预算假说。The activities rhythms of argali were studied in Mt. Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve（ MKUNR）from March 2012 to March 2013. The behavioral observations followed the group scan sampling method and focal sampling method. The results indicated that argali have similar activity pattern in different seasons,but significant seasonal difference between male and female argali was also detected on the activities rhythms. The forage activities took a greater proportion during all seasons（ about 50%）. There is significant difference between male and female argali on the foraging activities（ P 〈0. 01）,The relax activities also took a greater proportion during all seasons.There is significant difference between male and female argali in Summer and Autumn（ P〈 0. 01）. For the diurnal rhythms,males and females spent more time in foraging and bedding,and males spent more time in bedding than females. The behavior synchronization index of groups indicated significant difference in the synchronization of male,female and mixed groups. The activities synchronization levels of same-sex groups were higher than mixed-sex groups. And the significant difference was also detected between males and females on their behavior individuals in mixed group,while males and females were just the reverse（ female groups and mixed groups： χ2= 14. 976,df = 1,P 〈0. 01; male groups and mixed groups： χ2= 10. 472,df = 1,P 〈0. 01）. Additionally,significant difference was also detected between males and females on their behavior synchronization index.

关 键 词：盘羊(Ovis ammon) 行为节律 行为一致性 卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]