抗棉叶螨棉花种质川98系的选育  

THE IDENTIFICATION AND SELECTION OF CARMINE SPIDER MITE RESISTANCE IN COTTON STOCK CH 98

作　　者：王朝生[1] 杨刚[1] 董顺文[1] 付一中[1] 陈素彬[1] 高定坤[1] 邓建修[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院棉花研究所,简阳641400

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1991年第4期32-40,共9页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：1979年从陆地棉与海岛棉的杂种后代“抗77”选系的分离群体中,选得抗螨株。历经12代定向选育和抗螨性鉴定,获得了稳定的抗螨种质川98系,并已在国内发放。 川98系对棉叶螨具抗生性。与对照73-27相比,在川98植株上取食的叶螨发育缓慢,若螨存活率低,雌螨产卵量减少,单位叶面积螨数仅为73-27的50%。川98降低螨害2级左右,4年不治螨与治螨相比,试验结果不减产。其抗性机制主要与叶面积扩展快、蜡质和几种氨基酸组分含量较高以及其海岛棉遗传背景有关。用川98与陆地棉86-1等杂交,已初步选出抗螨、丰产、优质新品系。A cotton plant resistant to carmine spider mites (CSM) was selected from the segregate population of Kang77, a hybrid of upland cotton and sea-island cotton, in Jianyang, Sichuan province in 1979, and was named as Chuan 98 (Ch 98). Through 12 generations of identification and selection for the CSM resistance, Ch 98 has been developed into a cotton breeding stock with stable CSM resistant capability and used as pest resistant germplasm by cotton breeders in China.Ch 98 demonstrated antibiosls to CSM. When fed on Ch 98, mites had a lower speed of larval development, a lower survival rate of nymph and fewer eggs laid per female. The number of mites on 1cm^2 leaf of Ch 98 was only 50% of that on the check cotton cultivar 73-27. Ch 98 reduced the CSM damage scale by about 2 (scales) compared to the check, and its yields in pesticide-frec environment were no less than those in pesticide-sprayed environment in continual four-year field experiments. The research on resistant mechanism suggested that the resistance of Ch 98 had a positive relationship with its leaf growing speed, its quantities of waxy materials, several sorts of amino acids, and alas its sea-island cotton genetic background.The CSM resistance in Ch 98 has been sucessfully combined with the supper agronomic properties in upland cotton cultivars, such as 86-1, and several desirable cotton varieties have been gained.

关 键 词：棉花 棉叶螨 抗虫育种 

分 类 号：S562.034[农业科学—作物学]