2012-2014年某脑科医院药品不良反应分析及防治对策  

Analysis and Control Measures of Adverse Drug Reactions in One Brain Hospital during 2012-2014

作　　者：欧阳红涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省脑科医院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《湖南中医药大学学报》2016年第2期68-71,共4页Journal of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查分析医院上报的药品不良反应(ADR)的特点与规律,探讨ADR的防治对策,为患者安全用药提供参考。方法回顾性分析某脑科医院2012-2014年上报的ADR 579例,从患者的性别、年龄、药物品种、给药途径、不良反应累及器官、临床表现情况进行分析。结果 579例ADR中男性271例,女性308例。给药途径以静脉给药最多为313例(50.73%),其次为口服254例(41.17%)。静脉给药与非静脉给药比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。ADR药品种类中以精神障碍类药物最多为165例(28.25%),其次是抗感染药物和中药制剂,分别为87例(14.89%)和77例(13.18%)。三者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。系统器官损害以皮肤及其附件最多为189例(32.6%),其次为消化系统113例(19.5%)。结论用药前应充分了解药物及患者的ADR情况,减少联合用药,谨慎使用静脉给药。选择合适的药物及给药方式,注意监测。Objective To provide reference for the safety of patients by investigating the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions （ADR） reported by hospital and control measures of ADR. Methods A retrospective analysis of 579 cases of ADR by a Brain Hospital reported in 2012-2014. The patients＇ gender, age, drug species, route of administration, adverse reactions involving the organ, clinical manifestations were analyzed. Countermeasure of ADR were discussed. Results In 579 cases of ADR, 271 cases were males, 308 cases were females. The route of intravenous administration was the most about 313 cases （50.73%）, followed by oral administration about 254 cases （41.17%）. There are significant differences in the comparison between the intravenous administration and non intravenous administration （P〈0.01）. The most ADR cases was induced by mental disorder drugs about 165 cases （28.25%）, followed by anti infective drugs and Chinese medicine preparations, respectively, 87 cases （14.89%） and 77 cases （13.18%）. There are statistical significance between the three above （P〈0.01）. Skin and accessories damage were the most about 189 cases （14.89%） in all ADR cases, followed by the digestive system damage about 113 cases （19.5%）. Conclusion Before medication should be fully aware of the drug and patients with ADR, reduce the combination of drugs, use intravenous drug delivery route carefully. Select the appropriate drugs and drug delivery methods, pay attention to monitoring during treatment.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 分析 防治对策 

分 类 号：R9[医药卫生—药学] R28