应对中国人口较少民族舞蹈文化传承危机的对策研究报告  

The Countermeasure Research Report on the Crisis of Cultural Inheritance in the Region of China's Minorities with Less Population

作　　者：邓佑玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京舞蹈学院,100081

出　　处：《北京舞蹈学院学报》2015年第6期8-15,共8页Journal of Beijing Dance Academy

基　　金：北京市人才强教深化计划高层次人才项目"中国人口较少民族舞蹈文化传承发展"研究项目论文之一

摘　　要：我国人口较少民族大多分布在边疆地区,在全球化、现代化的推动下,他们的民族文化濒危形势十分严峻,如何应对不仅关系本民族文化可持续发展,而且事关中华民族文化保持多样性,更直接关涉中央政府的兴边富民、文化固边、文化生态保护等多项决策的实施,值得高度重视并采取有效举措。为此,2011年,经北京市教委高层次人才项目立项,笔者选择舞蹈文化为切入点开展"中国人口较少民族舞蹈文化的传承发展与审美研究"项目,历时三年共调查了18个人口较少民族舞蹈。调查发现人口较少民族舞蹈文化传承发展呈现出以下变化态势:一是舞种数量趋少化,二是舞蹈传承人老龄化和断代化,三是舞蹈内涵简单化,四是舞蹈情感空心化,五是舞蹈时空随意化,六是舞蹈仪式趋简化,七是舞蹈功能风格趋同化(类型化);八是舞蹈音乐电子化。鉴于民族舞蹈作为民族文化的重要表征和载体,作为中华民族多元一体格局、文化多样性和文化复兴的源泉,需要在民族文化理论和中华民族文化复兴的高度认识传承和发展的重要意义。故提出6个方面的建议:要从中华民族文化复兴的高度,充分提高人口较少民族文化复兴重要性的战略认识;要贯彻落实国务院《扶持人口较少民族发展规划(2011-2015年)》,促进人口较少民族地区经济发展、社会进步和文化繁荣;健全完善民族文化传承人制度,充分利用文化传习机制,建立"人"(活态)的传承机制;着力营造人口较少民族舞蹈及其文化的社会传承氛围;努力做好人口较少民族舞蹈及其文化的教育传承工作;加强科学研究,努力为人口较少民族舞蹈及其文化传承发展提供智力支持。Based on the situation of China＇s minorities with less population in the regions of Chinese frontier area,the paper chooses dance culture as the key point to make surveys on the 18 minorities＇ ethnic dances in the past three years. The survey reveals that the cultural inheritance of these minorities demonstrates the following eight changing trends： decreasing types of dances,aging and dating of dance inheritors,simplifying of dance cultural connotations,emptiness of dance emotions,arbitrariness of dance space and time,simplifying of dance rituals,assimilation of dance style and function,and electronization of dance music. Considering that ethnic folk dance as the essential representation and carrier of ethnic culture as well as the origin of China＇s multi culture and unity in diversity,the paper makes the following six suggestions： to deepen the understanding of the significance of cultural revival of minorities with less population in view of China＇s national cultural revival; to implement the State Council ＇s The Development Planning of Supporting Minorities with Less Population（ 2011- 2015） so as to improve the economic development,social progress and cultural property of the regions of minorities with less population; to perfect the system of ethnic cultural inheritors by constructing living inheritance through the opportunity of cultural education; to build social inheritance environment of ethnic culture and dance in the regions; to undertake the work of educational inheritance of ethnic culture and dance in the regions; to strengthen the scientific research work so as to offer intellectual support for the ethnic cultural inheritance in the regions.

关 键 词：人口较少民族 民族舞蹈 活态传承 

分 类 号：J722.2[艺术—舞蹈]