展现乡村价值的社区营造--日本魅力乡村建设的经验  

Community Building Showing the Potential Value of Country:Japan's Charming Country Construction Experience

作　　者：王国恩[1] 杨康[1,2] 毛志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学城市设计学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]中铁第四勘测设计院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2016年第1期13-18,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“3S支持的多尺度城市三区划定方法及其应用研究(项目编号:51278384)

摘　　要：日本魅力乡村建设实现了乡村产业、人口、社会、土地的同步城镇化,乡村地区经济、社会健康发展,文化、景观风貌得到了传承,成为国家实力的一部分。回顾日本魅力乡村建设的三个阶段,可以发现日本乡村建设重视政策引导、法律制度建设、资金援助、基础设施和社会服务等保障性制度设计,同时,把"人"、"文"、"产"、"地"、"景"五类资源的挖掘和保护利用作为美丽乡村建设的核心,通过"村民主导,政府协作,社会支持"的组织方式,建立以村民为主体的社区营造模式,集合本土居民的建设热情和智慧,从根本上提升乡村的产业、文化、景观生态等多元价值,转变村民对乡村的固有认知,最终社区营造带来的这种可持续的自下而上的内生力量从根本上促进了魅力乡村建设愿景的实现,这为我国的新型城镇化背景下本土城镇化和乡村建设提供了启示。Japan＇s charming rural construction achieves the synchronous urbanization of rural industry,population,society and land,and the healthy development of rural economy,culture and landscape of country got inheritance,which become a part of the strength of a country. Review the three stages of the charming village construction in Japan,can be found in the rural construction,Japan attaches importance to the construction of these security system design like policy,legal system,funding,infrastructure and social services and so on. At the same time,regarding mining using and protection of the ＂ villager＂, ＂ culture＂, ＂ industry＂, ＂ land＂, ＂ landscape＂ five kinds of resources of the beautiful countryside construction as the core,through the organization of ＂ the villagers leading,government cooperation,social support＂,to establish a community construction pattern which the villagers is the main body,to collect of the building enthusiasm and wisdom from local residents,then,the pluralistic value of country industry,culture,landscape ecology is rose fundamentally,the inherent cognitive of the countryside community is changed,finally this sustainable bottom-up endogenous forces bringing by community building promote the realization of the vision of the charm of rural construction fundamentally,this provide some enlightenment for the China＇s local urbanization and rural construction under the background of new urbanization.

关 键 词：日本 乡村建设 社区营造 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]