一种直缝焊管小订单拼接钢卷方法的研究  

Research on an approach for split joint coils from small ERW pipe orders

作　　者：丁文英[1] 臧倩 汤超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 [2]特格威贸易(上海)有限公司,上海200120

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2016年第1期209-218,共10页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71301008);北京市自然科学基金(9144030)~~

摘　　要：在客户需求日益多样化和小型化、企业管理日益精细化的今天,"满足服务需求的同时进一步降低成本"成为企业管理的目标.本文依照该目标、针对某直缝焊管小订单制定钢卷采购计划前所需要确定的钢卷规格和钢卷重量问题进行研究,旨在解决传统方式下所造成的采购浪费问题.本文首先考虑由钢卷转化成钢管过程中所经过的纵切环节,有效地利用宽度组合进行订单拼接,结合生产工艺过程建立了以"所拼接钢卷利用率最高"为目标的数学模型,该模型属于典型的NPHARD难题;其次,本文提出一种由订单确定"基因"及染色体长度的改进的遗传算法,可以解决确定多规格订单下拼接钢卷规格和重量问题,满足钢卷利用率最高;最后,通过大量实例进行测试,证明了模型的可用性和算法的稳定性.利用率比传统方法大幅提升,为企业降低采购成本提供了有效的理论和方法支持.With the diversification and miniaturization of customers＇ voices, enterprises need more delicacy management to further reduce cost while meeting service needs. This thesis aims to address the issue of purchasing waste by exploring the specifications and the weight of steel coils that an ERW pipe producer needs to figure out before making a steel coil purchasing plan. Firstly, the thesis takes into account the process of rip cutting which transfers steel coil into steel pipe and effectively utilizes width combination to make split joint coils. By integrating the processes constraints, the thesis establishes a mathematical model which aims at maximum use ratio of split joint coils. The problem belongs to a typical NP-HARD. Then, this thesis proposes an improved genetic algorithm in which length of ＂gene＂ and chromosomes are both determined by the orders. In the end, the availability of the model and the stability of the algorithm are verified through enough testing examples. The results show that in most cases the use ratio is increased substantially. The approach will provide powerful theoretical and practical support for manufacturers in cost reduction.

关 键 词：直缝焊管 小订单 下料 钢卷 拼接 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构] F273.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]