人力资本积累与农户收入增长  

Focusing on Human Capital Improvement and Income Growth

作　　者：程名望[1] 盖庆恩[2] Jin Yanhong 史清华[4] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院 [2]上海财经大学财经研究所 [3]美国罗格斯新译西州立大学农业.食品与资源系 [4]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院

出　　处：《经济研究》2016年第1期168-181,192,共15页Economic Research Journal

基　　金："上海高校特聘教授(东方学者)岗位计划"(批准号:TP2015023);"浦江人才计划"(批准号:15PJC087);上海市"晨光"计划(13CG36);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:71073102;71173156;71273171;71373179);教育部人文社会科学基金(批准号:14YJC90034);中央高校基本业务费课题(批准号:0800219322);同济大学可持续发展与新型城镇化智库研究项目(批准号:1200219318);2015年教育部重大课题攻关项目"推进农民工市民化的理论与政策研究"资助

摘　　要：采用2003—2010年全国农村固定观察点微观面板数据,运用统计性描述和计量分析方法,基于回报率和贡献率双重视角,本文研究了人力资本积累对农户收入增长的影响、作用路径及其变化趋势。研究发现:健康、基础教育、技能培训和工作经验所体现出的人力资本对农户收入增长有显著作用,总贡献率为38.57%。其中,健康和基础教育是影响农户收入的核心人力资本变量;人力资本主要是通过劳动性收入对农户收入产生影响,对以外出务工收入为核心的工资性收入的回报率和贡献率最为显著;随着农村市场化改革推进,人力资本对农户收入的回报率和贡献率却均呈现弱化趋势。坚持提升农户人力资本积累的基本战略,完善市场机制配置资源与财富的作用,对于农户收入水平提高具有重要作用。Based on nationally rural household panel data from 2003 to 2010, using methods of descriptive statistics and econometric analysis,we examine how improvements in human capital affect the income level in rural China. We find that human capital improvement, including health, basic education, skills training and work experience, is significant factor affecting the level of household income. The total contribution rate of human capital improvement to household income growth is 38.57% ,which health and basic education are the most prominent influence factors. Human capital is mainly through the labor income impact on household income, which is the most significant to wage income. The effects of human capital vary by region and year and across different income sources, which show that human capital for the role of household income growth maintains a weakening trend with the market-oriented reform. The findings suggest that improving human capital, especially health and education improvement, is an important mechanism to increase income in rural China.

关 键 词：人力资本 农户收入 回报率 贡献率 全国农村固定观察点 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F323.6