贮藏点深度、大小及基质含水量对花鼠找寻红松种子的影响  

Effects of cache depth,cache size and soil moisture on cache discovery of Pinus koraiensis seeds by Tamias sibiricus

作　　者：刘长渠 王振宇[2] 易现峰[2,3] 杨月琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,洛阳471003 [2]江西师范大学生命科学学院,南昌330022 [3]中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《兽类学报》2016年第1期72-76,共5页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470113);农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室开放课题(Chinese IPM1404)

摘　　要：2012年8-10月,在黑龙江省伊春市带岭林业局东方红林场,通过人工围栏控制实验,研究了贮藏点深度、大小及基质含水量对花鼠找寻红松种子的影响。发现:(1)埋藏深度显著影响花鼠对贮藏点的找寻率,埋藏深度为1 cm和2 cm的找寻率显著高于4 cm和6 cm。(2)埋藏点大小对花鼠发现种子也有显著影响,埋藏点越大,花鼠发现贮藏点的比例越高。(3)高的基质含水量利于花鼠找寻贮藏点。结果表明,围栏条件下食物贮藏点深度、大小及基质含水量的改变能显著影响花鼠对贮藏点的找寻。Scatter-hoarders usually establish their caches containing one or several seeds across a wide area within their home range. Olfaction plays an important role in cache recovery by scatter-hoarding rodents. The depth and size of caches and water content of cache substrates are believed to affect seed odor emission and thus olfactory cues to food hoarding animals. We conducted enclosure experiments to study the effects of cache depth,cache size and soil moisture on cache discovery of Pinus koraiensis seeds by Tamias sibiricus in Dongfanghong Forest Dailing District of Heilongjiang Province during August- October,2012. We found that：（ 1） The proportions of seed cache discoveries were reduced with the increase of burial depth; seeds buried at 1 cm and 2 cm deep were more likely to be discovered by T. sibiricus than were those at 4 cm and 6 cm.（ 2） Seed cache recovery rates were also significantly affected by cache sizes; large-sized caches were more likely to be discovered by T. sibiricus than were small ones.（ 3） High substrate water content facilitated small rodents discovery of the artificial caches. Our results suggest that T. sibiricus rely on olfaction to discover buried seeds under the artificial enclosures and olfaction might play an important role in finding their natural caches. Future work should consider seed odor emission under different substrate conditions.

关 键 词：花鼠 埋藏深度 埋藏点大小 基质含水量 贮藏点找寻 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]