典型离子对地下水总硬度影响实验研究  

Experimental study about the influence of typical ion on groundwater total hardness

作　　者：邱岩[1] 陈建平[2] 范荣桂[1] 张会杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《应用化工》2016年第1期136-139,143,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

摘　　要：通过室内浸溶实验改变人类活动过程中产生的典型离子Na^+、H^+、NH_4^+浓度、浸泡时间,对土壤浸出液总硬度的变化情况进行动力学和热力学行为研究,找出地下水总硬度随外界条件的变化规律,探究地下水硬度变化机理。结果表明,三种典型离子对土壤浸出液总硬度影响不同,NH_4^+置换出的总硬度最大,H^+次之,Na^+最小;对同一土层土壤,加入外界浸溶液的浓度越大,置换总硬度的速率越大,置换量也越大;三种典型离子的浸溶液可在1 h内将土壤中大部分钙镁置换出,遇有长达1 h的强降雨或漫灌,Ca^(2^+)、Mg^(2^+)会逐步向下迁移,最终引起地下水总硬度升高。The experiment used indoor leaching method by changing the concentration of Na~＋,H~＋,NH_4~＋ generated in the process of human activities and the soaking time to analyze the soil leachate total hardness changes and to study its kinetic and thermodynamic behavior. The purpose of the experiment was to identify groundwater total hardness variations with different external conditions and to explore the change mechanism of groundwater hardness. The results show that： Effects of three typical ions on soil leachate total hardness are different. The hardness replacement influence of NH_4~＋ is the largest,H＋the second,Na＋the third. On the same soil layer,the greater the leaching solution concentration adds,the larger the total hardness replacement rate and the substitution amount are. Three leaching solution can replace most Ca^（2＋）,Mg^2＋） of the soil in 1 h. Therefore,in case heavy rainfall or irrigation up to 1 h,Ca^（2＋）,Mg^（2＋） will migrate downward gradually and lead to the groundwater total hardness increasing ultimately.

关 键 词：人类活动 总硬度 土壤 浸溶实验 

分 类 号：TQ441.13[化学工程—化学肥料工业] P641.69[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]