省级以下建设用地空间配置效率测度及优化探讨  

Research on the Measure of Spatial Allocative Efficiency of Construction Land Expansion and Optimal Path at the Sub-provincial Level

作　　者：王博[1] 陈笑筑[2] 何晓波[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中国土地问题研究中心,江苏南京210095 [2]贵州财经大学信息学院,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州省国土资源勘测规划研究院,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年第1期89-96,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：贵州省科学技术厅贵州财经大学软科学研究联合基金项目"基于GIS的贵州生态扶贫试验区土地利用时空演变研究"(编号:黔科合LH字[2014]7249号);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"我国建设用地总量控制与差别化管理政策研究"(编号:11JZD031);北京大学-林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心论文奖学金资助项目"我国建设用地管理思路转变与路径探索研究";江苏省研究生培养创新工程"基于多情景分析的建设用地总量控制目标选择研究"(编号:KYZZ_0162)

摘　　要：通过对建设用地扩张的空间最优配置特征进行理论分析,构建相应模型测度贵州省2005-2013年建设用地扩张所存在的空间配置效率损失,在此基础上,以当前建设用地计划配置机制为切入点,分析省级以下层面建设用地扩张空间配置效率损失的成因,探讨可行的优化路径,以期为我国土地资源配置优化提供科学参考。理论分析结果显示判定建设用地扩张的配置是否符合空间效率的条件应是辨别区域间建设用地扩张的边际净收益是否相等,本研究以此为原则对2005-2013年间贵州省建设用地扩张进行实证分析,结果发现该时段贵州省的建设用地扩张存在12.33%的空间配置效率损失,所辖区域均出现不同程度的空间错配,在此基础上,以建设用地计划配置体系为切入点进行深入剖析,发现当前计划配置体系缺乏指标区域间再调节机制应是造成省级以下层面建设用地扩张空间配置效率损失的主要原因之一,因此,建议在建设用地总量控制的基本框架下,通过引入市场机制(构建省级以下指标交易平台)来优化区域建设用地扩张的空间配置效率。本研究着力于测度分析省级以下层面建设用地扩张的空间配置效率,旨在说明市场机制的构建是优化建设用地资源空间配置的一条可行路径,但在实际中建设用地扩张还涉及其他影响因素,其最优配置还需要考虑城市性质、产业结构、用地功能等诸多条件,因而对其优化的实践还需要进一步的综合考虑。Based on the theoretical analysis of the characteristics of optimal spatial allocation of construction land expansion, this article measures the efficiency loss in the spatial distribution of construction land expansion in Guizhou Province between 2005 and 2013. On that basis, this article turns its focus to China＇ s plan-based allocation system of construction land and analyzes the causes for efficiency loss at the sub-provincial level in order to explore more efficient mechanisms for spatial distribution of construction land. The findings indicate that whether the marginal net revenues of construction land expansion in different localities is equal to one another should be the criterion to judge the efficiency in spatial distribution of construction land expansion. Based on such standards, the empirical analysis shows that on average Guizhou suffered about 12.33% efficiency loss in spatial allocation of construction land distribution from 2005 to 2013 and each city within the province failed to achieve optimal spatial allocation to some extent. The reason for such efficiency loss lies in China＇ s construction land planning allocation system, especially in the absence of a re-adjustment mechanism to correct for initial sub-optimality. This article therefore proposes that under the construction land quantity control the quotas of construction land should be transferred among different jurisdictions to realize optimal spatial allocation of construction land expansion. This article concludes with discussing the feasibility of a market-based system of spatial allocation of construction land expansion in China, which in reality will depend on many factors such local conditions, industrial structure and the intended function of land. Therefore, these issues need to be paid more affention to in practice.

关 键 词：建设用地扩张 效率测度 优化路径 贵州省 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]