铜合金表面搅拌摩擦焊和激光熔覆制备镍基合金涂层  

Ni-Based Alloy Surface Layer on Copper Fabricated by Combination of Laser Cladding and Friction Stir Welding

作　　者：赵静梅[1] 高士友[1] 牟明强 付瑞东[2] 李毅军[2] 

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《中国激光》2016年第1期136-141,共6页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375425;51375426)

摘　　要：采用单道搅拌摩擦搭接焊,实现了铜合金与不锈钢异种金属的焊接,在连铸结晶器用的Cu-Cr合金表面制备了304不锈钢过渡层。通过激光熔覆技术,在不锈钢过渡层表面制备了含有WC颗粒的镍基合金熔覆层。利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和显微硬度计,对镍基合金熔覆层和过渡层的显微组织、物相构成和硬度进行了分析。结果表明,不锈钢过渡层与铜基体形成了可靠的连接,在焊合区中下部形成了均匀的钢-铜层状结构;在层状结构中形成了金属间化合物Ni Cu4,其硬度达337.26 HV;同时,镍基熔覆层组织致密,其强化相由γ-Ni、Ni3Fe、WC、W2C、和Cr23C6组成。显微硬度明显提高,平均显微硬度为485.0 HV,是铜合金基体的5.7倍。The dissimilar metals of copper alloy and stainless steel are joined by single friction stir lap welding. Ni-based alloy coating with WC is deposited on the transition layer of stainless steel by laser cladding. Optical microscope （OM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） equipped with energy disperse spectroscopy （EDS）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and micro hardness tester are used to investigate the microstructure, phase and hardness. The results show that a reliable connection is formed in the transition layer of stainless steel and copper matrix, the homogeneous layers of stainless steel and copper are formed in the middle and lower part of the welded zone（SZ）； intercalations NiCu4 are observed in the layered structure, for which untypically high hardness value 277 HV is registered; the microstructure of Ni-based alloy is compact and the coating is composed of γ-Ni，Ni3Fe，WC，W2C and Cr23C6. The average hardness of the coating is increased, which is 5.7 times as high as that of copper alloy.

关 键 词：激光技术 搅拌摩擦搭接焊 激光熔覆 镍基合金 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG453.9[金属学及工艺—焊接] TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]