光环境因子对豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼栖息特性的影响  

Effects of Different Types of Light on Habitat of Plectropomus leopardus Juveniles

作　　者：吴亮[1,2] 吴洪喜[2,3] 陈婉情 刘志明[1,2] 关献涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325005 [3]浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室,浙江温州3250005

出　　处：《水产科学》2016年第1期14-20,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：中央立项现代农业生产发展资金鱼类产业提升项目(浙海渔计[2013]48号);浙江省科技计划项目(2015F50009);浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室人才培养项目(2012F20020);温州市海水增养殖产业科技创新团队建设项目(C20120004)

摘　　要：以豹纹鳃棘鲈[全长(17.5±0.6)cm、体质量(205.2±1.7)g]为研究对象,分别采用光梯度法和正交试验法,在小型循环水养殖系统中一个特制的养殖水槽和一组常规的养殖水槽内探究了豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼对白、蓝、绿、黄和红5种光环境的喜好性和三原色(红色A1、绿色A2、蓝色A3)及光周期(16L︰8D,B1;12L︰12D,B2;8L︰16D,B3)和光照度(1000lx,C1;1500lx,C2;2000lx,C3)对豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼栖息的影响。结果表明,光色和光照度对幼鱼幼鱼的栖息习性均有显著影响,在试验设定的光色和光照度范围内,同光色照射下,随着光照度的升高,幼鱼对光照度的敏感性越来越低,在不同光照度下的分布率差异不显著(P>0.05);同强度光照射下,光波长越大,幼鱼分布率越高,随着光照度的升高,幼鱼对光波长的敏感度逐渐降低,但在不同光色下的分布率显著差异(P<0.05)。正交试验结果,光色对豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼的栖息有显著影响(P<0.05),光周期和光照度对豹纹鳃棘鲈栖息影响不显著(P>0.05);极差分析结果,豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼最适宜栖息的光照环境是绿色光;光周期16L∶8D;光照度1500lx;影响豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼栖息的主要光照因子是光色,其次是光照度和光照周期。The preferable environmental light was studied in Plectropomus leopardus with body length（17.5±0.6）cm and body weight（205.2±1.7）g in a set of conventional tanks in indoor recirculating aquaculture systems.Effects of five types of light（white,blue,green,yellow and red）,different types of light color（i.e.,A1,red light;A2,green light;A3,and blue light）,and photoperiod（i.e.,16L︰8D,B1;12L︰12D,B2;8L︰16D,B3）and light intensity（i.e.,1000 lx,C1;1500lx,C2;2000lx,C3）on the habitats of P.leopardus juveniles were investigated by optical grade method and orthogonal experimental method.The results showed that the light color and light intensity had significant effects on the distribution rate of the juveniles.The juveniles became less and less sensitive to the light intensity within the range of the light color and light intensity.Under different intensity of light,however,no significant difference in the distribution rate of the fish was observed（P〉0.05）.With the same intensity of light,the longer wavelength was,the higher rate the juvenile fish was distributed.With the rising of light density,the juveniles became less and less sensitive to the wavelength of light,but the distribution rate was significant difference under different wavelength of light（P〈0.05）.Orthogonal test showed that the light color had significant effect on the distribution rate of juveniles（P〈0.05）,but the photoperiod and light intensity showed no significant effect（P〉0.05）.Variance analysis revealed that green light,photoperiod16L∶8Dand light intensity=1500lx were the most preferable habitat light for the juveniles.

关 键 词：豹纹鳃棘鲈 光色 光照 栖息特性 光梯度法 正交试验法 

分 类 号：S965.399[农业科学—水产养殖]